This episode masterfully distills complex celestial mechanics and optical physics into an accessible, engaging narrative for young learners. It successfully bridges the gap between abstract scientific phenomena and practical, hands-on understanding.
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Nolik and Simka Learn About The Solar Eclipse | The Fixies | Educational Cartoons For Kids
Added:The solar eclipse.
>> All right, here we go.
Mhm. Uhhuh.
>> Tom Thomas, what's that for?
>> There's a solar eclipse today. Look. And I'm going to watch it.
>> That's so cool. And what do you need the box for?
>> Sima, did you forget? It's dangerous to look straight into the sun.
>> Huh? It's so dark.
How long until it starts to get dark?
>> Half an hour.
>> We'd be happy to help you out with that, wouldn't we? Only one thing I don't get.
Delight will be gone. Like gone forever.
How did you come up with that? There have been plenty of eclipses before this one.
In outer space, everything is in a state of constant movement. The Earth revolves around the Sun and the Moon revolves around the Earth. Sometimes the moon gets in between the sun and the earth and covers the sun. And so for a little while the sun no longer appears as a bright glowing [music] sphere but a simple black ball.
This phenomenon is called a solar eclipse. But a solar [music] eclipse can only be seen by humans and fixies that are in its shadow while it's happening.
But anything could happen. Like what if something gets stuck? Then would it say dark forever?
>> And when has that ever happened?
>> It's happening now. Nolic, either help us out or stop bothering us.
>> All right, look. This is the Earth here and the moon there.
The flashlight's our sun.
You see, the moon's shadow falls on the earth.
>> And now watch. When the moon starts to go, [music] the light comes back.
>> Did it get stuck? Just like I said, the end is near the end of the light.
It's just that someone should be more careful with the glue.
It's possible to take an ordinary box and make a special device that was invented by people long ago. It's called a camera obscura. This clever invention was used by artists as well as scientists. It was the basis for the very first photo cameras. It's quite easy to make your own camera obscura.
Cut out a small square on one side of a box. Cover it with aluminum foil and poke a little hole in the center of it.
Put a sheet of paper on the opposite side. The light will pass through the hole and shine through the darkness. And on that screen, you'll see the eclipse, only it will appear upside down. To see it, you'll need to look at it from above, but make sure not to let extra light in. Beautiful. And remember to be careful with those scissors.
>> But don't you understand that it's scary in the dark and is impossible to live in it? Don't be a coward. You glow in the dark. But what about Tom Thomas? Is he going to have to walk like this?
[screaming and crying] You'll be able to light up the way for him. And if I run out of juice, >> I'll use my flashlight.
>> And when the batteries run out, >> relax. I'll find more >> in the dark. No, we have to get prepared right now.
Can you see the sun? Aha.
>> 1 minute left. You ready?
>> A minute. What? Hold on. I'm not ready yet. I'll get charged a little more. No, I need to get those batteries. 10 seconds. 9 seconds. 8 seconds. What should I do?
>> Six. What should I do?
>> Five.
Four. Three. Two.
>> Here it goes. Wa!
It's totally beautiful.
>> Nola, come on out. You'll miss everything.
>> It's amazing.
>> Class, it's so awesome that we did this.
>> Look. Look. Now the sun's coming back out.
Show it to me. It really didn't get stuck.
You mean the whole eclipse is done?
It was cool, wasn't it?
>> Uh-huh. Only I missed the whole thing.
>> Well, you'll see the next one, right? If you don't get spooked again.
>> You're not going to throw the box away, are you?
>> I'll save it for you. [music] I can use it to store something useful.
>> Batteries, for instance. What if tomorrow's the end of the light and Nolik's not ready for it? [laughter] >> The magnet.
Well, it looks like we need a packinat.
Hm. Where did this screw come from?
Ouch.
Huh?
Papoose isn't in there either.
>> It's awful. He's probably disappeared forever. It's already been 5 days.
>> Don't worry about it. We're going to find him for sure.
>> Yeah, we'll find him for sure. Let's go take another look in the kitchen.
>> But we already looked in there.
>> We'll look better this time.
Let's go take a look in there.
We looked so many times already.
>> Simka Nolik, what do you keep searching for in here?
>> It's not a what, it's a who?
>> Our papoose is missing. We've been looking for him everywhere.
>> Oh no.
>> He's probably already turned into a screw cuz he doesn't have enough energy.
>> Maybe I could help.
>> Surely. Let's start with you picking us up. We're just exhausted from running.
In a dangerous situation, a fixie can [music] choose to turn into a screw. But sometimes it happens all by itself. For example, when a fixie doesn't [music] have enough energy. When this happens, the fix grows weak, gets sluggish, and then goes into hibernation, turning into a [music] screw.
This bad luck happens when a fixie doesn't get charged up from being inside of a device. That's why fixies always work inside of machines so they can stay charged up with energy. Sometimes a [music] fixie that has grown weak and turned into a screw can get lucky. If a human happens to find him and screws him into an appliance, then the Pixie will be able to get energized and come back to life. Then he'll unscrew himself and run away, leaving the human wondering, "Where did that screw go? I know I screwed it in.
>> So, where should we look first?"
>> What are you looking for in here, Tom Thomas?
>> Well, um, >> and what do you have there in your hand?
>> Well, uh, just some screws of mine. Ah, I just found a screw not too long ago.
Maybe it's one of yours.
>> Probably.
Where's it now?
>> Here, take it. And don't leave them lying around.
>> Should I turn myself around now so your papoose can turn back into himself?
>> He's been lying in there for a week already. He doesn't have the energy to turn back into himself.
>> Then what's next?
>> We have to screw him into some device, you know, so he will get his energy back.
>> Okay.
But which one's Papoose?
>> All of these screws in here look like Papoose.
We'll use a magnet.
>> How come all the screws will just get lifted up together?
>> First of all, not every not every kind of metal is attracted by a magnet.
It's an easy thing to see for yourself.
Just get a magnet. You probably have one in your house on the refrigerator. Try moving it close to different metal objects you have around the house, like a spoon or nails or coins. You'll notice that some of the metal objects are pulled very strongly by the magnet, while some of the metals are pulled a bit less. And then there will be some metal things that aren't attracted to the magnet at all.
>> Got it. And the second thing, >> well, the second thing we fixes aren't attracted to that magnet one bit when we turn into [music] screws.
Let's give it a try.
Here, I found him. And now we'll screw him in.
>> I wonder, are there any other fixes in here?
>> We're not enough for you or something.
>> Not at all. I just wonder.
Nothing. Oh, and the screw went away.
>> How about that? He already got charged up and unscrewed himself.
Why don't you take a little rest after such [music] a big adventure?
>> No thanks. I've had plenty of rest anyway. It's something I've wanted to do for a very long time already chocolate.
>> Tom Thomas, unwrap it already >> in the morning. Nolik, >> I really want to see the toy that's inside.
>> Be patient, Nolik. That's all. I'm going to bed.
Please don't touch it. Okay.
>> And you won't open it without me, right?
>> That's a deal.
Good night, Nolik.
>> Uh-huh.
>> And what are you doing in here? Me?
Well, I was >> Oh, it's a chocolate ball with a toy inside. How interesting. Yeah, totally.
Let's unwrap it and take a look. We can't. Not until Tom Thomas comes in the morning. But if we're real [music] careful, he won't notice.
>> A chocolate confection.
perfection for [music] the jourction.
All that I want is to take a bite.
A bite.
A bite.
>> Well, yeah. We sure took a look.
Tom Thomas won't be happy at all when he finds out you touched a chocolate ball.
>> And you like you didn't touch it.
>> I didn't.
>> Oh, then what's that, Nolik? Chocolate?
>> Absolutely. It's 100% natural milk chocolate. It says so right here.
The key ingredient in chocolate is cocoa beans. They are roasted, crushed, and ground. After that, ground beans are pressed to extract the oil from them. If you mix butter, cocoa, and sugar, you'll get dark chocolate. And if you add some milk to it, then you'll get milk chocolate. Then you just warm it up, pour it into molds, and cool it down.
You can add raisins or nuts into chocolate. Sometimes chocolate is even made with flavors like flowers or salt.
Chocolate wasn't originally for eating.
It was used in a drink made by mixing roasted beans with water and then adding hot peppers. Not every adult could drink it, let alone a child. Today, chocolate is a favorite treat the world over for children and adults alike.
>> How can we put it back together?
>> How about scotch tape? Come on. We'll start by warming up the chocolate so it softens up and then use that to make a new ball and then to make it hard again.
Yeah, we just cool it off.
My chocolate infection has got an imperfection. [music] Half of it gone into thin air.
But this is when it goes unprotected. First you have it then it's [music] not there.
NOT THERE.
>> [bell] >> DONE. LET'S PUT IN THE TOY.
>> But we haven't even looked at it yet.
>> Oh, it's so pretty. Tom [music] Thomas is going to love it.
>> Oh, wait. Oh, what do you think of this idea? [music] >> I've got a new confection of chocolate perfection.
safe and it's ra [music] shining bright.
Oh, what perfection.
My brand new chocolate confection. I'll try my best not to take a bite.
>> Hi there. Oh, what's that? A chocolate bow. You're lucky. Could there be a toy inside?
>> Mhm. But I can't take off the wrapper without Nolik.
>> You really can't do it without him.
>> I can't. I told No, I wouldn't.
>> Your chocolate is going to be delicious.
Go on, you can eat a little.
>> If you say so, I'll eat the chocolate.
But we won't open the toy without Nolick.
>> M. Good chocolate.
>> Come on. Don't you want to know what the toy is?
>> We won't tell.
>> All right, just a peek and we'll close it right up.
What is this for?
>> Tele.
Really? How did you get in there?
>> Surprise.
>> H. You were in the container. The container was in the chocolate ball. And the ball? That's just impossible.
Ah, he went and got you two to help.
>> We helped a little.
>> Hang on, Nolik. You promised not to touch the chocolate till morning. And you promised not to open a toy without me, right?
>> The coffee maker >> Tanish.
>> Hi there, Tom Thomas. Are you ready for school?
>> Uh-huh. And you?
>> I'm helping Masia today for school.
>> Three more patients. How in the world can I do it all? I have that new equipment being delivered and I'm leading this week's case presentations.
Oh well, somehow I'll have to figure out how to do it.
>> Um, good morning.
>> Yeah, just great, huh? I got work piled up to the ceiling. Okay, a cup of coffee is the only thing that can save me today.
>> Now what? The last thing I need is to be late.
>> The coffee maker started its cleaning [music] cycle. She'll have to wait.
>> What's the problem? Why don't you work?
[music] >> Are you going to work OR WHAT?
>> OH, the poor coffee maker >> on Thomas's poor mother.
>> THAT'S ENOUGH WORK ALREADY.
What is going on today?
>> Hey, [laughter] Mom. Come on. Let me give it a try.
>> I can't take any more of this.
>> We've got to help her. I really hope nothing broke in there.
>> Don't worry, we'll get it working. Just distract your mom.
>> Mom. And what if the coffee maker just started working again right now? Would that save your day, you think?
>> Mhm.
>> Early coffee makers would do nothing more than heat up the water and force it through the ground coffee. Today's generation of devices are often called coffee machines. They can do so much more and even remove the mineral deposits themselves. These machines can make your coffee any strength and add milk and sugar if that's how you like it. And most conveniently, they can grind the coffee beans right before brewing. Just press the button and [music] the fresh cup of coffee is ready and that aroma.
The main thing with any coffee maker is to be nice to it. Then you just give it some time and it starts working by itself.
>> That is just absurd.
Restarting it is the first step. Sima, get over there and open and close that contact.
>> Mhm.
>> You see, that's what I was talking about. A coffee maker isn't alive. It's a machine, that's all. Then how come you hit it like you did? H. But if you're really nice to it and you pet it, then she'll purr.
>> Hear that? It like that a lot. Coffee maker, blink to us when you're ready to start working.
>> Turn on the display.
>> Mhm.
>> See that? It answered us. It behaves like it's really alive. Well, coffee maker, make coffee.
It's impossible.
>> Time for a little surprise. Just don't give up our secret.
>> You fixed it somehow. What's your secret? It's simple. If you handle appliances with care, then they'll take care of you.
>> The magic taste of coffee was first appreciated in Arabia, and that's why the most well-known variety of coffee is called Arabica. Coffee trees grow throughout the world in mountain regions where the weather is warm and humid. The branches of coffee trees get covered with coffee berries. But to make the coffee drink, we don't need the berries, just the seeds inside. After the coffee beans are roasted and then ground, hot water is added. Different cultures serve coffee differently. Some serve it hot, some cold, with sugar, with milk, with ice cream, with cinnamon, with ginger, and even with salt and pepper. They say that coffee gives people energy and helps them from feeling tired. But it's important not to drink too much.
>> Tom Thomas, you're a powerful wizard.
>> She believes it.
>> It's remarkable. I can't believe an ordinary coffee maker can be so emotional. Poor thing. Forgive me. Huh?
>> And that's not all. If you take care of your coffee maker and you're nice to it, it can even it can even sing a song.
>> Oh, my dear Austinine. Augustine.
August.
I've got to be hearing things.
[laughter] You've got me under your spell. Tom Thomas. Time to go. Augustine.
Oh, my dear Austinine. Augustine. Why did you start singing?
>> Sorry, I got carried away. and I got carried away. Sing me that song again, will you?
>> Oh my dear Austinine, oh my dear, everything's gone.
>> The [music] electric kettle.
>> That's four.
>> Come on, Tom Thomas. Just one more.
>> Come on now, Tom Thomas. I know you can do it.
>> Five.
>> That doesn't count. That doesn't count.
No. Your chin was below the bar.
>> That's all. I can't do anymore.
>> You weakling.
>> You're the weakling. I'm not. I just haven't eaten in a while. And that's why I lost my strength.
>> You're a slave to food, Tom. And you see, that's the difference between us fixies and you humans.
Many people wrongly assume that the only way fixies could live is by stealing food off of humans tables or worse yet by stealing it from their refrigerators.
That's just a lie. It's not true at all.
Fixies don't eat any kind of human food.
So then where in the world do the fixies get their energy? You're wondering. It's very simple. A fixie's entire life is connected [music] with devices. Fixies not only live inside of devices, but they take care of them and help them live longer. And in return for their help, these devices share part of their energy with the fixies. So there you go.
The fixies help devices and devices help the fixies. Yes, we fixies and machines have a symbiotic relationship. So we don't eat leftovers like cockroaches cuz we're fixies.
One, two, three. Wow.
How's it possible that a big boy like you doesn't know how to make any food for himself?
>> I'm able to cook, but I'm not allowed to turn on the stove.
>> What can you make without it?
>> Oh, yes. We have instant oatmeal. Look.
>> Do you like oatmeal?
>> You're joking. Only my folks say oats are healthy and make you stronger.
>> Great. Well, then how do you cook it?
>> It's not hard. All [music] you got to do is add hot water. And I'm allowed to turn on the kettle.
>> Stop and check if there's water in there. If there's none, you can burn out the kettle.
>> It's got enough.
>> Then you can turn it on.
>> Hey, [music] tell me, how does the kettle turn off? I mean, how does it know when the water's hot enough?
Inside of an electric kettle, there's a heater hidden underneath its bottom.
When you turn on the kettle, the heater warms up the water until it boils. And the boiling water gives off steam that heats up a special metal plate at the top of the kettle. The heat causes the metal plate to bend and that turns off the switch. So, you could say that an electric kettle feels when the water is boiling.
Okay, now I understand.
>> Hey, why do you need three bowls? You don't need to make any oatmeal for us.
>> It's not for you guys. It's for my mom and dad.
>> Start out here. No. Keep pouring into this one. And I say pour it here. And I say first you should pour it into mine.
>> Oh, Nolik, where are you?
>> I'll find him. Hang on. I'm going in.
>> Sima, >> she was right over here.
>> No, >> over here.
>> Sima, >> here.
>> Nolick, >> there.
>> Ow.
>> Hey, where is your other boot? It got lost. up there in the oatmeal.
>> That must be your parents. Let's get out of here.
>> Hey, and what about your shoe?
>> Don't worry, I got another one.
>> Hi, Tom Thomas. We're back. You must be hungry. We'll make you something to eat.
But I already prepared us some food, and the water is already hot. Wash your hands. Tom Thomas, don't touch that kettle if it's hot. I don't want you to burn yourself.
Yum, yum, yum.
>> So, today we're eating oatmeal for dinner. Delicious.
>> Uh, maybe you have something else.
>> Why something else? You're the ones that say that oatmeal's great for you and that it makes us stronger.
>> Well, yeah. That's what we say.
>> I'm glad that our son pay such careful attention. [laughter] >> M. Isn't it delicious?
>> Really?
Huh? What's that?
>> Oh, look. You found the boot, Dad.
>> What?
>> Uh, it's nothing. Just eat your food and don't get distracted. I'd like to see that oatmeal all gone. Okay. And whoever [music] doesn't finish won't get any candy.
>> The window.
Hi there. We're all up. What are you doing?
>> I'm [music] washing our windows.
Uh, it looks like that thing's doing the washing.
>> You guessed it. It's a window washing robot. I borrowed it from a neighbor to try it out. We should buy one for ourselves.
>> I don't get it. We've already got one robot. Uh, I mean, uh, robot.
>> So, we'll have two. One for the floors and one for windows.
>> I could clean the windows.
>> But it can be dangerous work.
What's so dangerous about it? I'll just go and wash them right now. And instead of a robot, we'll buy something uh useful, like a skateboard for a boy.
>> I've already got one.
>> So, you'll have two >> class. Uh-huh. If you say so. There just so happens to be a dirty window in your office. Let's see how you do with that one.
>> Consider it done.
>> Mhm. And we'll clean the tiles [music] with the robot.
A window is much more than just a hole in the wall. Windows provide houses with light, ventilation, and views to the world outside. Modern windows are made with several layers of glass. Between each layer is a space that's filled with air. The air works as insulation to keep heat from escaping outside. Do you know how to tell how many layers of glass your window has? Just shine a flashlight at it. The number of reflections tells you the number of layers.
>> Wa! What an amazing appliance. Let's go and take a closer look.
>> You really buy me a new skateboard, Dad?
>> That's what I said. But first, I've got a window to wipe.
>> All right, robot. We'll show you. Tom Thomas. Dad can show himself.
We really live on a super high floor.
>> Yeah, but the robot isn't afraid of heights. [panting] >> I'll start from this corner.
>> It'll take you forever that way. Admit it, the robot works better. We won't.
[music] We're going to win this thing.
>> Hey, what is he [music] doing? I'm not sure.
Huh?
>> Mom. Mom. The robot made such a mess in there.
>> It's impossible.
>> Look.
Good joke.
>> Just wait.
I don't get how you're cleaning it.
>> Easy.
>> You can talk. You got to be kidding.
>> And you are misbehaving.
>> You guys, you're the ones trying to stop me.
>> You tried to make the robot look bad, so we had to defend it. It's only cuz my dad told me I get a skateboard.
>> Yeah, for doing a bad thing. Aren't you ashamed of yourself?
>> I am.
>> You learned your lesson. And don't forget, fixies look out for appliances.
>> The dwellings of most ancient people had basically no windows at all. There may have been a hole up above for letting out smoke from a fire, but that was it.
Later, people started splitting open their walls, but the openings were so small that very little light would ever get inside. The size of windows grew quite a bit over time. People would cover them with animal [music] skins, fabric, paper, or wooden planks to protect themselves from the cold and the wind. When people learned how to mine valuable minerals, they began to cover window openings with thin sheets of a mineral called mica. Windows made of glass were very expensive and only the richest people could [music] afford them for their homes. But today, it's hard to imagine a window anywhere not covered in glass.
>> Everything's washed.
>> And what about the [music] outside?
>> Forget it. I I quit. Would you wash the back with the robot?
>> Yeah, consider it done.
Yeah, you're right. I see. It really is a great appliance.
And that washer's [music] defender is even better.
>> You're right about that.
>> The aquarium.
[music] The coast is clear. The humans have left. Come on, let's go.
Masia, why are the fish looking so tired? Cuz they're not getting enough air in there. The water in the aquarium is dirty and it needs air. But the filter isn't working.
>> The filter?
>> Yes, that device over there. These fish need our help. And if we don't do something right now, THEY COULD DIE.
>> RIGHT. FIRST, I'll fix that light while you and Masia go over there and see what is wrong with the filter.
>> But I want to go and look at the filter, too. You're too small for this.
>> Oh, wo wo wo. And you're a giant. I mean, you're like 6 [music] ft tall, huh?
>> That's enough arguing, Nolick. Let's go.
Well, let's check it. Not working. No, where are you?
>> I'm up here. What are you doing up there?
>> Nothing. Holding on.
>> We don't have time for that. Get down.
We have to get this switch working.
[screaming] >> Masia, what's the matter with the filter?
>> Well, probably something's caught inside and it's stopping the motor from turning.
A filter is used to keep the aquarium [music] water clean. A motor in the filter turns the paddles and pumps water through a fine net or a sponge. The dirt in the water gets trapped in there and the cleaned water is put back into the aquarium. [music] Many filters not only clean the water but also add air to it.
So there will be more oxygen [music] in the water. You see even though fish live their lives in water, they [music] need oxygen just like all of us.
>> [music] >> Mhm.
Ah.
Way to go there.
>> [screaming] >> There are lots of ways for people to breathe underwater. As an experiment, try putting an empty glass upside down in water and you'll see that some of the air stays in there. That's [music] the idea behind the ancient diving belt. An empty bell was lowered under the water and some of the air remained in there for the diver to breathe. And about 200 years ago, the first diving suits [music] were invented. The diver got air from a hose that started above the water. This let the diver [music] spend a long time under the water and even walk around on the bottom, but just not too far. Later on, people learned to squeeze a lot of air inside of metal tanks. And that's when scuba diving started. Scuba divers breathe the air stored in these tanks so they can swim freely and even dive deep down below the water.
Our work is done. The light is on and the filter is working.
>> And the fish look so exciting.
>> As if they're not fish, but monsters.
Thank goodness they're behind glass.
>> Papoose.
>> JUST HANG ON. WE'LL BE RIGHT THERE TO SAVE YOU. [gasps] But I don't even have my packet.
Look how they're chopping their teeth.
They must be so hungry.
>> You're right. They're hungry. No, come on.
>> I can't believe those fish. They're so ungrateful. WE WENT AHEAD AND FIXED THEIR FILTER and all they wanted to do was gobble us up.
>> And I'm the one who saved you from them.
I was the one watching what was going on.
[music] >> Oh gee.
>> Hold it. Do you think giving her some uh food will help?
>> As long as you're not thinking that food is me.
>> The eco tester.
Are you ready to see my new invention? I just can't wait to show you what it does.
>> Wa! What is it?
>> An eco tester.
>> And what is it for?
>> This device lets you check vegetables or fruit so you'll know if they're safe to eat.
>> To grow apples, tomatoes, or melons faster and bigger, people add chemical fertilizers to the soil. But there's a problem if too much of these chemical fertilizers is used. When there's too much of them, the harmful chemicals get inside the fruits and vegetables, and that makes them very dangerous to eat.
An eco tester is a special device that quickly shows how much of these harmful chemicals have gotten inside of the food. And if the reading is too high, that means you shouldn't eat it.
As you can see, the eco tester shows that this apple is good.
Well, let's see. Look, this one is safe, too.
>> It's not interesting this way.
>> These apples are all safe.
>> Now, let me take this delicious apple and um make it bad.
We will inject this apple with a harmful amount of nitrates.
>> How come?
>> What do you mean how come? So we can see how the eco tester works.
Ah.
>> Aha. So you see the eco tester clearly shows this apple is poisonous and can't be eaten.
>> Is it only for apples or for any kind of fruit?
>> Any fruit or vegetable? I can get a watermelon to show you.
>> Could it really be true that watermelons can have nitrates too?
>> Of course they can have nitrates.
Humans often act without any concern for nature. [music] The waste from factories, airplanes, cars, and cities causes [music] tremendous damage to nature. Species of plants and animals disappear. Air, water, [music] and soil become polluted. And many other kinds of ecological problems appear. And humans shouldn't think [music] that ecological problems are just nature's problems.
Because when humans harm nature, they [music] are also harming themselves.
People breathe in the dirty air, drink polluted water, and eat food grown in soil contaminated with chemicals. If humans don't want to drink milk filled with poisons, and they want to eat ecologically clean fruits and veggies, then they must learn to treat nature as their friend.
>> Hey, why don't we [crying] test these apples? ourselves.
Nolik, help me out.
>> Oh, he rolled away. I don't care. That apple's poisoned with nitrates.
Oh, apples.
[gasps] Elisa, don't eat that. Oh, Lisa. Lisa, Lisa, stop.
Uh, please sit down.
>> What?
>> You bit into it.
>> Yes. And what?
>> Oh, no. It's poisoned.
>> What? [cough] >> Do you have trouble talking?
>> Oh, yeah.
>> You feel faint?
>> Oh, I'm fainting.
>> Elisa, hang in there.
>> What?
>> There's no poison in that apple she ate.
>> Oh, my assistant. Oh, no. I've poisoned her. Oh, Lisa, please.
>> There was no poison in that apple.
>> Oh, no. He didn't hear us.
>> What should I do?
>> I know how to make him hear.
>> Hello. It's an emergency. It's a case of of poisoning. Not me. I poison someone.
Yes. With an apple. Fire. I mean poison.
>> Professor, this apple has no poison in it. The bad one rolled away onto the floor.
>> Did it really?
This is just fantastic news. Can you see me, Elisa?
>> I can't see anything.
>> How's that?
>> I see you. I can see you. I can see again.
>> I have great news. There's no poison at all in this apple.
>> Are you sure?
>> It's perfectly fine. Here, take a look.
The eco tester shows that there are no harmful chemicals inside.
>> It's wonderful news. This is one excellent apple and nutritious.
>> This appliance of yours is simply wonderful.
>> Now she'll say he's a genius. [laughter] >> Professor, you are a genius. Thank you for saving my life.
>> Oh, it was nothing.
>> Actually, it was No. He saved her life.
>> I did?
>> Dropping the watermelon was your idea, wasn't it?
>> Ah, you're right. I saved her life.
the gramophone.
>> And that's a photograph of my mom when she was little.
>> She sure looked happy, didn't she? Cuz parents were all happy when they were children. But then they grow up and start getting all gloomy and as boring as can be.
>> Oh, what's this? Do you know >> a song about a screw? It's total nonsense.
>> Nonsense? It's about a screw, which means it's practically about fixies. Why don't we listen to it and find out? If it's good, we can all dance together.
How do you listen to this thing? Like this?
>> Why don't we try to use the player?
>> It won't fit in there. Look right here.
It says gramophone record. See? So, we need to find a gramophone player.
>> Find what?
>> Let's go to Grandpoo.
Grandpoo, we found a song about a screw we want to hear.
>> We're looking for a player for a gramophone record.
>> Ah, I understand. What you need is a gramophone.
A gramophone is an old appliance that was made for playing back sound that was recorded onto records. If you want to turn on a gramophone, you need to turn THE HANDLE TO WIND UP ITS SPRING. The spring makes the record spin. Then a needle is placed on top [music] of the record and as it moves through the groove on the record, it shakes a little which makes a diaphragm, a sort of mini drum skin, start to vibrate. The big horn of the gramophone then makes the sound louder and we hear a voice or music. The most amazing thing is that a gramophone doesn't have an electric motor or any electronics. That's right.
You don't need electricity for a gramophone to play back the sound that's recorded on a record.
That's because a gramophone is an entirely mechanical wonder.
If you want to know, there is a gramophone in the office of Tom Thomas's DAD. IT'S ON THE DESK.
>> GREAT. LET'S GO.
>> THANKS would be nice.
I can't find the on button.
>> There is no on button. You need to grab that handle and turn it.
Now take that thing and put it down onto the record.
H, it's not playing.
>> Look, there's no needle in there.
>> And where can we get one from?
>> We can make it. Do you have any nails around here?
>> Is this good?
>> That'll be great. Vera, are you ready?
>> Totally.
>> Better cover your eyes.
Finish.
>> 5.
>> It's working. Listen.
>> A little screw went for a run. And now without this little part, everything just falls apart.
>> If you think a screw is nothing, take it out, but just beware. Everything will break without [music] little screws in there.
The bulldozer until the mighty giant fell straight into the mud. 5 4 3 2 1. A little screw went for a run. And now without this little part, everything just falls apart.
>> If you think [music] a screw is nothing, take it out, but just beware. Everything will break without little screws in there. [music] If you think a screw is nothing, take it out, but just beware.
Everything will break without little screws in there.
>> Tom Thomas, what's that music playing?
>> It's a gramophone record.
>> Gramophone? I thought it was broken.
>> We fixed this old. Not we. I fixed this thing. Really? What a wonderful boy I've got. Other kids are breaking things and you fix them. What do you say we play that record once more? I used to love it so much when I was little.
The mighty cream was working until there was a pop and then the mighty giant gave out and lost its top. 5 4 3 2 1. A little screw went for a run. And now without this little part, everything just falls apart. If you think a screw is nothing, take it out, but just [music] beware. Everything will break without them. With no little screws in there. If you think a screw is nothing, take [music] it out, but just beware.
Everything will break without little screws in there.
>> Tom Thomas's mom really dances super.
Yeah, she knows how to have a good time even though she's a grownup.
>> Reflexes.
>> Add this to that. Now, what do you get?
Ah, three. Don't you remember? Bark, bark, bark. All you have to do is bark three times.
>> That's too hard a trick for Tusaka.
Maybe you could teach her to jump through a hoop.
>> I already [snorts] tried. She just sits there.
Come on, Chaka. Give it a try.
>> Try showing her this sugar.
>> Chaka Ali, come on. JUMP. [laughter] >> SEE YOU, Tom Thomas. It's time for us to go to school. See you later, animal tamer.
>> Great job, Chaka.
Our lesson for today is on the subject of reflexes.
I'll write it here for you. Are >> What's the lesson?
>> Someone's late again.
>> Ah, colleague, my glasses are gone. Are they here?
>> They're right there on your forehead.
[laughter] >> How about that? Forgive me for interrupting.
>> Let's continue our class.
And so thanks so much.
So you turned into screws again. Does anyone know why that is?
>> Because we have to hide ourselves from Cubans.
>> But you don't have to hide yourself from Professor Eugenius.
>> But we didn't know it was him at the door.
>> Right you are. You had already transformed before you had time to think. And that's what we call a reflex.
To explain it in simple words, [music] a reflex is when our body reacts to something automatically without needing any time at all to think about it. When we touch something very hot, we instantly jerk our hand back. When we're about to fall, we swing our arms and legs to try to keep our balance. Just imagine what would happen if we started thinking how and in which direction to move them. So, it's fair to say that our reflexes help to protect us.
No kidding. [music] They protect us. My nose itches, too. Excuse me. I didn't mean it. Professor, uh, sneeze. Is that also a reflex?
>> It most certainly is one. Fire didn't want to, but then his nose tickled and achoo. Bless you, too.
>> Thank you. [screaming] >> [laughter] >> AND uh do dogs also have uh reflexes? Of course, dogs have reflexes. All animals do.
>> Yeah, it's something all good animal trainers know. They use the animals reflexes to teach them tricks.
Many humans teach their pets lots of commands, like to bring a ball, to count, or even to dance. But to train a pet, you got to know what to do. A good animal trainer always has plenty of treats handy. As soon as an animal follows a command correctly, like standing on its hind legs or jumping over a hurdle, the animal gets a treat.
And then the trainer makes a unique signal right away, like clicking his fingers or blowing a whistle. After repeating this training over and over, the animal develops a reflex. Once it gets the signal, it carries out the command and then gets a treat. But the most important thing about animal training is to love your trainee and never hurt it. Otherwise, no treat will work.
>> Tom Thomas, we just learned in Dixie school how you can train Chusaka.
>> Yeah.
>> With the help of reflexes.
>> With what?
>> Where's Chusaka? Call her.
>> Chaka, come here.
Give her a math problem. A nice simple one.
>> Add this to that. Now, what do you get?
>> It's a miracle. Three. You got it.
>> No, it's not a miracle. Science is what it is. You know how Chaka barks whenever she sees a fixie around? That's what we call a reflex, you know.
>> I understand. And do you know how I can teach her jumping?
>> Well, we didn't figure that out yet.
>> Wait a sec. I know how. Chasing fixes.
Isn't that one of Chusaka's reflexes?
>> Probably. Although >> that's great. So, let's go and train the dog.
>> Nothing's ever too much for a good friend.
>> Chaka.
>> It's pretty tough work being a dog trainer.
The short circuit.
[music] >> Are you sure we're allowed to play in your dad's office?
>> We're not going to play in here. We came here on a tour. I think this place is like a real museum.
>> Just take a look at that. I have no idea what it is. And this thing [music] is a complete mystery. Keep it down. This is a museum. You know >> what a great museum guide you are. You know absolutely nothing.
>> How can you say you don't know? I know.
>> I'd like to run a test here on the capacitor >> on this one.
>> Don't touch.
>> Why can't I? It's not a museum.
>> Because it's dangerous.
>> If you touch it, the shock could be deadly.
>> But you two are touching it all the time. I've seen it.
>> The only time is when the device is turned off.
>> And right now the device is running.
For many centuries, the Fixies only had to work on mechanical devices. But after the discovery of electricity, the Fixies had to master electrical devices as well.
At first, Fixies were getting terrible shocks, and they really, really hurt.
Over time, the Fixies figured out that you can't fix [music] appliances when they are turned on, and bare wires should never ever be touched. And Fixies also learned that electricity can travel not just through wires, but through plain old water. So that's why if a broken wire ever ends up in a puddle of water, you must never get close to it or you could get a terrible shock. Fixies learn all these important rules. And they hope humans understand that they [music] need to learn them as well.
>> Look now, here's one I know about. It's an old radio my dad got for my grandpa.
More than 60 years old. Can you believe it?
>> Your grandpa?
>> The old radio?
>> That was a joke. Is it still working?
>> I don't know. Let's check.
What was that?
>> It looks like the electricity got turned off.
>> Maybe it was a short circuit.
>> I'll go find out.
A So, it was you who caused the short circuit.
>> I was in here showing all these things to Nolik and we wanted to turn on on the radio. We flip [music] the switch on and then suddenly, kaboom, the lights go off.
>> They're off everywhere in the apartment.
>> So then how can I even warm up my pizza now?
>> Soon it will warm up all by itself now that the refrigerator isn't working.
>> Sima, uh, what is that thing you said? A short circuit.
>> Electricity goes back and forth from an appliance with two separate wires. For example, an iron uses the electricity it needs to get hot. But if those two wires start touching each other without the iron in the middle, then the wires will get hot instead. And this can cause the wires to burn out. When this happens, it's called a short circuit. Short circuits can happen when the coating around a wire is worn out or when an appliance is broken on the inside of it.
So, when you tried turning on that old broken radio, the wires in the apartment started burning.
>> Does that mean all the wires got destroyed?
>> Don't worry. [music] In our apartment, there's an automatic switch to stop that. It turns off the electricity when the wires start getting too hot.
>> Oof. And what about that uh uh automatic switch? Is that something you need your mom and dad to turn on?
>> No question. You definitely would. But you have us.
>> Yeah. And we have Papus and Masia.
[music] I'll go tell them what happened here. And you guys, you turn off the radio.
>> But we'll get electrocuted.
>> What do you mean electrocuted? Thanks to you, there's no electricity.
Are you ready?
Hey, >> pull it up.
>> Hooray.
>> So, Tom Thomas, what are we doing next?
>> H Why don't we continue with our tour?
>> Hey, wait for me. I'm coming.
>> Hey, wait. I thought you were fixing the television with Papoose and Masia. They asked me to come here and stay with you on your awesome museum tour. That way there'll be less for them to fix in here later.
>> The stapler.
>> Tom Thomas gets the ball. He makes an incredible move. He's wide open.
The goalie sees him and he screams in hard.
He shoots and score.
>> Tom Thomas, stop kicking that ball. Your school concert starts in 30 minutes and I don't want to iron your pants again.
All right, Mom.
[music] >> Just one more time. Huh?
>> No, I'm sorry. Mom said I have to quit kicking the ball, but mom said nothing about dribbling the ball.
>> You can do it. You can do it. Yeah. Go.
>> Whoa.
Tom Thomas, your pants.
>> This can't be. These are my special concert pants.
>> Yeah, how will you go now? Well, your mom does have enough time to sew them.
>> I'm scared to even tell her about it.
She said that I had to stop playing.
[music] >> Hey, I've got it.
>> Here. You think we should fix the rip in his pants with a stapler?
>> Yeah. Isn't it a good idea?
>> I got to try it out.
>> You do?
>> Like this.
>> Stop.
>> Why? What's wrong?
>> My nose itches. That's all. Let's go.
[music] >> You're right, Nolik. It works.
>> That is super.
>> Yeah, the stapler is really great. Do you guys know how it works? Just keep stapling and I'll tell you.
The staples for a stapler are lightly glued together. That way, you can load many staples [music] at once instead of one at a time. And a spring pushes the staples to the front. When you push down on the arm, a metal tooth [music] pushes the front staple down through a thin space and the staple punches holes in the paper. Next, the pointy ends of the staple push down onto a plate and that makes the staple bend behind the paper.
And there you go. The papers are fastened.
>> So, you could say that we're sewing but using a stapler instead of a needle.
>> Yeah. And it works even faster. Huh?
What's going on?
>> Could it have run out of staples?
>> There's still a lot more staples, but one of them got jammed here in the slot.
Tom Thomas, we're leaving in 5 minutes.
>> Okay, Mom. So, did you get it?
>> No.
Why don't we get Papers to help us? Cuz he's really strong and he's got a packet.
We can do this ourselves. Tom Thomas, find something we can use to push that staple out.
THE STAPLER IS NOT a very new invention.
It's been said that the French king, King Louis X 15th, had a stapler made out of gold and precious gems.
Unfortunately, it could only hold one staple at a time. Modern staplers are much more convenient, and people have come up with so many kinds. For paper, for plywood, and even for skin. Yes, surgeons often use them during operations. Then there's the staple gun that's used to upholster furniture. And its older brother, the nail gun, can even be used to hold together the walls of a building. And here's an invention almost as important as a stapler. It's the staple remover. With its help, it's possible to remove the staples put in by a stapler.
>> How about the screwdriver?
>> That'll work.
Look, the screwdriver fits perfectly into the slot.
>> Ah, that's great. Now, push that staple through. Only keep your fingers out of the way or you won't finish sewing.
>> Tadish, >> it's still not Tadish. You haven't fixed your pants yet.
>> That's it. They're done.
[music] >> Now we can say tish.
>> Tom Thomas, are you ready?
>> Of course.
My idea [music] with the stapler was smart, wasn't it? And Tom Thomas's mother won't notice a thing. Will, too.
Just wait till she washes them.
[music] >> The hair dryer.
>> Nolik, are you here?
>> Yep, I'm here.
>> I got a cool trick to show you.
That was real magic, dude. Took long to learn it. [laughter] >> No, that's not the trick. It's a trick with helium.
>> Oh, what is helium?
>> Well, helium's a very light gas they fill balloons with so they float in the air.
>> That's not magic at all, you silly.
Who's never watched a flying balloon?
>> The trick's not about the balloon flying. I need to get its gas. How can I get it down from there? Get a hair dryer. That's the way to do it.
>> Yeah. What for?
>> So I can show you a trick.
>> All right. Mom, can I use a hair dryer for a minute?
>> A haird dryer is a great [music] simple invention. Inside a haird dryer is a fan that sucks in the air from behind it and pushes it out the front to blow your hair around and make it dry. To heat up the air, there's an electric coil inside of there. When the coil heats up, it warms up the passing air and the hot air helps your hair dry faster. Of course, you don't have to turn on the [music] heat setting, but then you better like that cold wind.
>> Nikk, >> I'm right here.
>> Here's the dryer. I want to see your trick.
>> All right, flip the switch.
Now you lay the ball right into the airream.
>> Oh, great. The ball's flying.
>> And now it's my turn to fly.
>> Really?
>> Wa! Yeah! I'll shoot right up to the ceiling so I can grab the string and pull the balloon down. So, turn off the heat and away I go.
>> [screaming] >> Switch it on to hide.
[music] >> Got it.
>> Give it to me.
>> I can't get it down.
>> It's probably because you're little and weigh like nothing.
>> And what do I have to wait till I'm heavier and older to get down?
>> I don't know. Then you'd better get my sister. She'll tell us what to do.
>> Sima, come on out.
>> Well, what's going on?
>> Look.
>> Hi there. How'd you end up on the ceiling?
>> I was just showing off that funny haird dryer trick. I'm laughing out loud. Ha ha ha. I can try flipping on the haird dryer and lifting you up to Nolik.
>> So both of us can get caught hanging up there. Well, thanks, but I don't need it. [music] >> Then what do you need?
>> Just a broom or a mop.
>> You know how to do a trick with a mop?
>> Uh-huh. Just make it fast.
>> They can be quite ingenious creatures, those humans. Sometimes they figure out clever ways to use ordinary devices like a hair dryer. Of course, it can be used to dry hair, but it can also be used to dry a wet spot on clothes. And a haird dryer can even be used to remove a sticky price label. [music] Now, suppose you buy yourself a new cup that has a terribly sticky sticker that just seems impossible to peel off. Well, try warming it up with a hair dryer. The glue will dry up a bit and the label will come off easier. There's no doubt that a hair dryer can be very useful in any household, but you need to be extremely careful with it, especially in the bathroom. If water gets inside a haird dryer, there's a real risk of getting a horrible electrical shock that can seriously hurt you and destroy the hair dryer as well.
Pull it down. Hooray! Going in for A LANDING.
TOM THOMAS, I can't tell you how great it was to fly inside a stream of air.
>> Good for you. Now I'll sound like a fixie.
>> Really?
>> Uh-huh.
>> Huh?
>> Watch me.
>> Hey. Hey. What are you doing?
>> Just look. I'll breathe in one breath of helium.
>> Isn't it bad for you?
>> You can only breathe a little.
>> Hey. Hi there. Tom Thomas became a pixie. And that's my trick for you.
Funny, huh? Oh, that's too funny. What a squeaky little VOICE YOU GOT THERE.
[laughter] >> SEE, I'M ALREADY not a fixie. The helium stops working after just a couple seconds.
>> That's [laughter] good, cuz such a humongous fixy couldn't fit inside any machine. [laughter] >> The alarm.
>> Hey there, I'm back.
Yoohoo!
>> Wait, my chocolate bunny. It was standing right here.
>> What's this? A dog?
>> Not that one. Another one. I had two bunnies. I just got them as a present.
>> You had two bunnies? Are you sure of that?
>> Of course. You think I don't know my ones from my twos?
>> Huh? Then someone stole one. Unless uh Unless you went and ate it yourself.
>> Me? How come I don't remember anything about it?
>> Maybe you're a sleepwalker.
>> What is a sleep walker?
>> Someone who gets up from his bed at night without waking up. He crosses the room, eats one of his chocolate bunnies, and doesn't remember a thing in the morning.
>> But in the morning, the bunny was still there.
>> Yeah. Huh? How about your mother? Could she have taken it? She doesn't like when you're eating too much candy. No, she doesn't. She says that candy is terrible for my teeth.
>> And so to save your teeth from these sweets, she snuck quietly into your room, snatched one of the rabbits, and ate it.
>> But mom's the one who gave them to me as a present. And so why would she take it?
>> Yeah, then I just don't know.
>> Well, I do. I think it was your father.
He wouldn't steal it. We know he's allergic to chocolate. [laughter] Next, he'll tell us how the fish took it.
>> You know, I always thought there was something fishy about those fish.
>> No doubt about it. They stole the bunny.
>> Uh-huh. And then they hid it in their aquarium. [laughter] >> No, that's funny. You know what, Tom?
Thomas, you need to protect that other chocolate hair.
>> Exactly. It has to be eaten right away now before it disappears.
>> Just wait a little. You don't have to eat it. Let's think of something else.
Of course, we need a security alarm.
>> Need what?
>> The alarm was invented to keep houses, cars, and other valuable things safe and secure. The simplest alarm is a siren or light bulb that is connected by wires to a door or window.
When someone tries to open a door that has an alarm on it, the alarm goes off, making the siren howl and the light [music] flash.
Alarms can also be set up to call the police if they go off.
>> Super. But where can we get ourselves a security alarm? You have an electronic construction kit, remember?
>> You're right.
>> Then bring it over here.
>> No, help me.
>> [screaming] >> Tadish is the fixies victory call. When a job is well done and we fixies are proud of our work, we exclaim [music] tadish and raise up our hand with our thumb and first two fingers sticking out. You want to know what it means?
It's very simple. Fixies love solving problems and fixing things that are broken. And do you know what you need to do to solve a problem? First, you need to find out what's broken. Second, understand why it broke. And third, repair what's broken so it works again.
So, do what the fixies do. And first, find it. Second, understand it. And third, fix it. Tadish.
It really is a great word, and it sounds funny, but we fixies surely like it a lot.
Well, Tom Thomas, turn on the alarm.
>> You sure the alarm will work?
>> I'm sure. Without a doubt.
[music] You're under arrest.
>> FREEZE.
>> CHAKA, why are you stealing my chocolate?
The magic wand.
>> Oh, Tom Thomas, how did you get here?
>> It was a piece of cake. I just got this cool magic wand as a gift. See?
>> Wow. There's no such thing as a magic wand. I don't believe you.
>> You just wait. Any wish is the wand's command. Check it out. Today, I want my school to be closed. Golden wish tish.
>> Tom Thomas, your teacher from school just gave me a call. She said your school has totally disappeared. How odd.
>> So I'm not going to school.
>> Well, how? Instead of school, we'll go to the park.
>> Hooray.
>> Real magic. It's so great. No, there's no magic. They're only illusions.
>> I don't know what illusions are. It's when what we think we're seeing is not what is actually happening.
Have you ever seen a magician pull a rabbit out of an empty hat? Do you [music] think it's magic? No, it is only an illusion. In reality, the rabbit's hidden inside the table that the magician puts his hat on. The lid of the hat is made with a secret hatch. And when the magician puts his arm inside the hat, he grabs the rabbit [music] from the table below. And ta! How every magic trick works may be a secret, but every illusion does have [music] an explanation.
I'm telling you, this wand's totally magical. Right now, I can make a rabbit appear out of this trash can for you.
Golden wish, Tadish.
Oh, that wasn't the idea.
>> Looks like a dog [music] to me.
>> Wait, one more time. Golden wish tadish.
H golden wish tadish.
>> Tom Thomas, will you cut it out? One chaka was already enough for us, and now there's three.
[screaming] >> [screaming] >> Hey, Tom Thomas, please tell your rabbits that they can stop barking so loudly.
>> Shame on you for attacking helpless little kids.
>> Wait, I'll make you bigger now. Golden wish tish.
>> [music] >> What? You scared? So you're only brave enough to chase little kids around?
>> Wow, I'm huge. I'm as huge as Tom Thomas. I'm huge.
>> Nolic, be careful.
How can you live being this tall? It's so inconvenient.
>> And I thought it was tough when you were so tiny. Tom Thomas, [music] are you ready? Hey, why do we have three dogs all of a sudden?
Oh my word.
No.
>> Why are you screaming? I was dreaming that someone had given me a magic wand and then I had to make it big. See? And and and my mom saw you.
>> That's awful. That would have made me scream.
>> I wish I had a magic wand of my very own.
>> We fixies aren't ones to believe in magic, but we do believe in what humans [music] can do because humans often work wonders. For ages, flying in the sky seemed to be an impossible dream. But today, anyone can take off to the sky in an airplane. It used to be that humans thought that only magic could take them to the moon. But now, astronauts have already walked on a surface. In fairy tales, people were able to see and talk to each other through a magic mirror.
But today, we have the internet and telephones. We can use refrigerators, televisions, automobiles, computers.
There are so many things that humans have created. Wondrous things that they used to only be able to dream about.
Like a miracle from a fairy tale.
>> A magic wand. Why do you need it?
>> First, I'd skip school today. Tom Thomas, are you ready?
>> I told you we're going to the park.
>> And what about school? I'll skip it. H good joke. Could this be a dream, too?
>> No, it's just that today is Sunday, and that's the magic of it. [laughter] >> The pen?
>> Not here either.
>> Tom Thomas, are you looking for me?
>> Huh?
>> No, for a red pen. I need it right now.
>> What do you need it for? Here, look what my teacher wrote in my assignment book.
>> Bad behavior during the lesson.
Fidgeting and talking. What are you going to do with a red pen? Your teacher left something out.
>> I thought maybe, you know, I could fix it a bit. I hope I find that pen.
Oh, wow. Good catch.
>> So, what do you want to fix on it?
>> I'll just add a couple of nos and then it will say that I had no bad behavior during the lesson. No fidgeting and no talking. See, no problem.
>> Cool. And then add this at the end. Tom Thomas is a perfect student.
>> Nah, then they would guess I did it.
What is it clogged up? A little scribble will do it.
That's not a pen. It's more like a pen knife.
>> Oh, look. The ball's missing.
>> What ball? It's a pen.
>> It's a pen, but it's a ballpoint pen.
Old-fashioned pens work by dipping the pen into a jar of ink. But with a ballpoint pen, the ink is stored inside of a tube that has a metal tip on the end with a small steel ball. Well, small for humans that is, but of course for fixes, it's quite large. When you drag the pen across the paper, the ball spins around and gets ink on it from inside the tube. Then it turns over and the ink rolls out onto the paper. So without the ball, a ballpoint pen won't write at all.
>> So what am I going to do? That's my only red pen.
>> Hi everybody. Why do you look so sad?
>> We lost the ball from the tip of this pen. Where?
>> It's here somewhere.
>> Then you're in luck, boys. In the pack, there's a metal detector. You can use it to find different kinds of metal objects.
Nah, that's not it. I can see that myself. It's not on the table, Nolik.
Until not that long ago, [music] humans used pens that had to be dipped over and over again into an inkwell. This was quite inconvenient. And so, to make writing easier, the fountain pen was invented. A fountain pen could be filled up with ink. so it could write for a much longer time. But fountain pens would often leak, leaving blotss [music] of ink on the paper. This problem was solved with the invention of the ballpoint pen. Ballpoint pens are simple, handy, and reliable, except that you can't write with them on a wall or upside down for a long time. That's because the ball uses up the ink on it, and the ink [music] can't flow up to the tip. But even this problem has been solved. There are now special ballpoint pens that can be used by astronauts floating in space.
Is this the one?
You're right. That's it. Don't you just see how awesome my metal detector is? Is that what you're calling me now?
Tom Thomas, help us.
And now, >> Tadish.
>> Cool.
>> By the way, what do you need the red pen for? Well, Tom Thomas and I need to fix something in his assignment [music] book.
>> What? If I knew that, I wouldn't have helped you out.
>> So, no fidgeting and no talking. H >> And your teacher, she writes in your assignment book when you behave well.
>> Uh-huh. Whenever we behave well, she writes a note in our books right away.
>> Ah, >> did you see Sima? How Tom Thomas managed to outsmart everybody?
>> Since I see nothing else here from your teacher, does that mean you behave badly the other days?
>> Uh-huh.
What? Well, uh, >> did you see Nolik, how Tom Thomas just managed to outsmart himself?
>> The mirror.
>> Hi there, Tom Thomas. Why has this mirror been standing here in the hallway for a whole week already?
>> My dad can't seem to find any time to hang it on the wall.
>> Are you sure it won't fall? It hasn't [music] fallen so far.
>> So, Nolik, do I look like Spider-Man?
>> No, you don't look like him at all.
You can't climb on walls like Spider-Man.
>> Yeah, I'm sure you can do it.
>> I can do it. Just give your chewing gum to me.
[music] See that? Like in the movie.
>> Oh, like that's really hard.
>> Just keep watching.
>> That's hard.
>> Beast your eyes and see what the only spider fixy in the whole wide world can do.
Catch me.
>> I got you.
>> The mirror.
>> Whoa.
[crying] [screaming] Long ago, the only way humans could see their reflection was to look into water.
The very first mirrors appeared about 5,000 years ago. They were made out of silver or bronze. Legend has it that the Greek scientist Archimedes once burned down an entire enemy fleet with the help of mirrors like these. But humans only became able to see their reflections well after they started making mirrors out of glass. And we still use glass mirrors today. But of course, mirrors are not only used for looking at our reflections. They are also used in telescopes to collect the light of distant stars. And humans also use mirrors inside of automobile headlights so they will shine even brighter. Just look at all the things mirrors can do for you.
Looks like it didn't break. Help me lift it so we can lean it back up on the wall.
Tom. Thomas, I've gotten a reflection in the mirror.
>> That's impossible cuz only vampires can't see their reflections or ghosts.
>> But I'm not in there.
>> So then I guess you've become a ghost.
[crying] >> No, not a ghost. I don't like them.
>> Hey, what's all the racket? DID YOU GUYS GET YOURSELF INTO TROUBLE AGAIN? SA, me and Tom Thomas were playing Spider-Man and I I turned into a ghost for some reason.
>> Yeah, a ghost. That's silly. They don't even exist.
>> You don't have any reflection either.
Sa, you're a ghost just like I am.
>> That's just goofy.
>> Look, just look here. Here I am.
>> Well, hi there. BUT WHY COULDN'T I SEE MYSELF OVER HERE? It's probably because the mirror is scratched on the back. Tom Thomas, do you think you can rotate the mirror?
It's just like I said, some of the [music] special coating got scraped off of the back.
A mirror is not just a piece of plain glass. Plain glass lets light pass through it, but a mirror reflects light.
To turn a piece of glass into a mirror, [music] people spray a special shiny coating on one of its sides that reflects everything. And then to protect the shiny coating, an extra layer of paint is put on top of it. But even with that protection, you still have to handle mirrors carefully [music] because mirrors can easily scratch or even break.
>> And do you think that this one is possible to fix?
>> Yeah, we can do it. It's a good thing you have a packat with you. I thought we might need it after you started screaming over here.
>> Don't tell me you've got paint in there for a mirror.
>> A packat's got everything you'll ever need.
>> It's all ready.
>> My dad's coming.
Tom Thomas, what are you doing here?
>> Checking if you hung it.
>> Yeah, right. I'll definitely hang that mirror on the wall soon. H like tomorrow or next week, >> the nightlight.
>> They're very close. I can feel them.
>> HELP ME. HELP ME. Help me. Help.
[gasps] >> That's all. You've had enough monsters.
It's not good to watch these kinds of movies before bed.
>> Mom. Mom. Really? I'm not scared. Let me watch the end. Would you?
>> I told you that's all.
Well, good night, honey.
Who's there?
They're very close. I feel them.
>> Can you believe it? He's sleeping and he didn't turn the light off. Yeah. And so >> And so if every human went to sleep with a light on, there wouldn't be enough electricity to go around. H Everyone can probably remember walking into an empty room with the lights turned on or finding a TV on that nobody's watching. One little light or TV might not seem like [music] much, but just imagine how many people are living on this earth. Well, if everybody forgot to turn off the lights or TV when they weren't being used, the amount of wasted electricity would equal the amount of energy produced by a 100 power plants.
And each of these power plants needs freight cars of coal or rivers of oil to keep running.
And all that fuel has to be extracted and burned constantly. Now, do you see how expensive burning a light bulb is for the Earth? So, don't forget to turn off electrical appliances when [music] you're not using them. It's so easy.
Who turned off the light?
>> [panting] >> They're very close. I feel them. I feel them. I feel them. I look What's up with him? I think he's playing sleep hockey. Looks like his position is left out.
>> Haha. Anyway, he should get a penalty for wasting electricity.
[gasps] >> Monsters.
Hey, what do you think we are? Hockey pucks?
>> Nolik, Sima, forgive me.
>> Who did you think we were?
>> Monsters.
>> Well, I see how you could mistake Sima for one, but obviously not me.
>> Tom Thomas, what are you doing? Why are you sleeping with the light on?
>> I was so dumb. I watched this monster movie on TV before bed. Now I'm scared to sleep without the light on. And that dumb old monster flick. Why were you watching it?
>> I felt like getting scared.
>> You're great at getting scared. Keep quiet or we'll wake up your mom and dad.
>> How am I going to fall asleep now?
>> Here's a good idea. You can use a nightlight.
A nightlight is a little light that humans who don't [music] like to sleep in the dark use in their rooms. The nightlight has a dim glow. That's because it works with the special kind of light bulb that uses very little electricity. These kinds of light bulbs are called energy efficient.
That's hard to say. And you can find nightlights that use such low energy bulbs that they can [music] work off of a battery.
>> But you know there isn't a nightlight here.
>> How would you get by without us?
Tonight, I'm here to help you. I'm going to be your night light.
>> Look right there. There's our lampshade.
>> Thanks so much. You really are a friend indeed. Nolik, >> it was easy. Just go to sleep.
>> Nolik, [yawns] do you know any good stories?
>> I know one about a big meat grinder.
>> Nah, no way. You'd better tell me a story about a nice kind fixy.
>> Ah, I know a good one.
And here's how it goes. Grandpoo was [music] working inside of a very big clock. Actually, the clock wasn't that big. And I'm not sure if it was Grandpoo, but it was a clock. I think 92. 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 and 101 102 103 104 I forgot >> and 10 No, Lick. Hey, come on.
>> Tom Thomas promised to give me a ride outside on his bicycle. I got to get going.
>> Lucky you. I'd love to ride on a bike.
>> Yeah, it would be a lot of fun.
>> You're not allowed to go.
>> Why can't we? Thomas isn't your friend.
All right. He only invited me. If you want to take a ride on a bicycle, then go find your own human friend to invite you.
>> Well, Tom Thomas, you ready to go?
>> We can't. There's no way we can ride this. The tires got a hole. I tried to fill it, but the air comes out.
>> Well, then what should we do?
>> I thought you'd know what. You're the fixy here.
>> We I mean, I didn't study it yet. Hang on.
Pula Dig. Wait a sec. Without a hole in one of the tires of the bicycle. H.
>> You mean the one that only gives rides to friends?
>> Don't be like that. Please help me out.
>> I thought Tom Thomas was only a friend of yours.
>> Uh, why don't you go and ask him yourself? He could be your friend, too.
>> For thousands of years, wheels have been helping people all over the world. The wheels ancestor is a lock. People would put logs under heavy loads to move them.
Then people came up with the idea of slicing the log and connecting the slices with an axle. And there it was, the wheel. Wheels made life more convenient. Later came wheels with spokes, metal rims, and rubber tires.
Soon people were wheeling around the world in and on all sorts of vehicles.
Potters, mills, clocks. There are just so many different uses for a wheel. And with the steam train, steamboat, AND CARS, WHEELS SPREAD all over the world.
They even reach the planet Mars. The wheel really is one of the simplest and yet most amazing of all human inventions.
>> It's off. So, what's next?
>> Now, you take out the inner tube.
>> You mean this rubber thing?
>> Yeah, that's your inner tube. There's a hole there somewhere.
Pump it up, Tom Thomas. Then we can see where the air is coming out.
>> That's not a good way to find the hole, No.
>> Why isn't it good?
>> Cuz the hole might be really tiny.
>> Then how do you find it?
>> To find it, we need water.
>> How come?
>> Yeah, how come?
>> Now I get why we need water.
There. See those tiny bubbles? Yeah. Do you see them?
>> That's the air from inside of the tube.
>> That means the hole is right there.
>> No, you're a genius.
>> Hooray. Here's the hole I found. Look.
>> Will you let me put on the glue in my pack? I have just the right kind for this.
>> The hole is right here. Right where I found it.
>> But first, we have to make sure that the rubber is dry.
>> Looks like it's dry. Then let's put the glue on.
It's all fixed.
>> All right, IT'S READY TO GO.
>> HOORAY. [screaming] DIGIT TULA, you coming with us?
>> I don't know. We weren't invited.
>> I'm sure he'll invite you, right, Don Thomas?
>> Of course I will. We're friends, aren't we?
Let's get going.
See the wheel through the cities and towns. It is [music] rolling. Spinning wheel.
Spinning round. [music] Spinning wheel.
It just keeps on going. See the wheel spinning round through the valleys and hills. It [music and singing] is zooming. Spinning wheel. Spinning around. Spinning wheel.
[music] It just keeps on moving. See the wheel spinning round.
On the road [music] to the dreams we are chasing. Spinning wheel. [music] Spinning round. Spinning wheel. It just keeps on racing.
I [music] la the time machine.
>> Oh, wow. What kind of device is that?
Maybe an alarm clock. No, this is a time machine. Beep beep beep beep beep. Time machines, they don't exist.
>> What a shame.
>> I learned that. Studied that. Well done, Tula.
>> What did I just bump into?
>> What do you mean? What? Into a time machine.
>> But I thought time machines aren't for real.
>> Of course they are. You get in and take off for the future or the past.
>> Splendid.
Lots of us would love to be able to travel in a time machine. Maybe to go back in time and fix a bad grade or to get a peak into the future. Of course, it would be interesting. But time travel isn't possible. And thank goodness. Just imagine how mixed up everything could get. Someone brings back a dinosaur from the past while someone else brings aliens from the future. No one would need to invent anything. Appliances would sit unused and fixies would have no work to do. That's awful.
>> So, you've got no idea of the answer.
>> I studied this, but I don't remember.
>> Too bad. Because tomorrow we've got a hard test. Make sure you're prepared.
>> I'm sure I'm going to fail.
>> You're going to pass. You studied all of this, right?
>> So, >> so you just need to stop worrying so much. That's all.
>> I wish I could.
Poor girl. How can we help her?
>> Hey, I know how. This morning, Tula believed that that thing over there is a real time machine. Sounds like an anti-scientific plan. [music] Stop worrying. It's simple. We'll send you to tomorrow. You'll sit down, take the test, and come right back here.
>> I wish I could go.
>> It's like a dress rehearsal. The main things not to worry.
>> Then what do I do? H >> you just pull on that wire and you'll get sent them back. Well, time to go.
Wow, it's tomorrow.
>> Hi there. Are you ready?
>> Uh-huh.
Grandpa's got sick, so I'll be giving you your tests.
>> I'm scared.
Don't worry, it's just a rehearsal.
Well then, who had the best test?
Congratulations, Tula. So cool. Awesome.
>> That wasn't scary at all.
>> Impressive.
>> By the way, what's wrong with the professor?
>> Uh, Grandp.
>> Uh, you know who, don't you?
>> A boat fell on his head.
>> You dropped it. Remember?
>> I did?
>> Yeah. Yesterday.
>> I'm not sure I like this future.
Well, how did it go there?
>> Later.
>> But if you meet a fixy, please don't let their secret out.
>> Leave this on until tomorrow.
>> What is this? Come back.
>> No. If I do, I could hurt you.
>> Me? What for?
Wouldn't it be incredible to travel into the future and see what you will become?
Unfortunately, that's only possible in our dreams. But if you have a dream and aren't afraid of challenges and setbacks, your future can turn out just the way you imagined. Do you want to become a champion? Then you need to start your training right away. Do you dream of becoming the best programmer in the world? Then first pull up that grade in math class. Do you dream of sailing the oceans? Then you'll need to do a lot of reading because a captain has so much he needs to learn. Start creating your future right now. And we fixies will be right there to help you. Making sure the machines you need to reach [music] your dreams will keep on working for years and years to come.
>> Hey there. Are you ready? Uh-huh. So far everything's exactly the same.
>> Tula, take this, please.
>> It worked.
>> And pass out the tests. You may begin.
>> These questions are different. Who had the best test? Congratulations, Tula.
What am I worried about? I know everything is going to be fine.
>> Oh, well then, all of your test results are great.
>> Only none of you could guess what this device is.
>> What do you mean? Isn't it a time machine?
>> No, it's for automatically watering plants. That's all you see.
Cool, right?
>> Wow, it's fantastic.
>> So, hang on. You guys tricked me.
>> But you passed the test, right?
>> Well, all right, then. I forgive you.
>> The bee. [music] >> Tom Thomas.
>> Hello. How come you're eating jam straight from out of the jar?
>> Because it tastes so good.
>> Oh, a bee.
[music] [bell] >> Shoo. Get out of here.
>> Leave it alone. It's just a plain old bee.
>> Well, I was bitten by one of those plain old bees once.
>> Talk Thomas, don't do it.
>> Go away, you pest.
Flies are pests. Bees are very helpful and useful.
>> How can a bee ever help us out?
>> Bees are hard workers. They are constantly collecting nectar from flowers. Flying from flower to [music] flower, bees transport pollen on their bellies. Thanks to this process of pollination, flowers produce fruit and seeds. In other words, bees help plants reproduce. The bees use the nectar they collect to make that delicious sweet honey loved by kids of all ages. And bee honey is not only delicious, it's also nutritious.
>> So, I'm still afraid of it. What if it bites me?
>> Bees don't bite, by the way. They sting you.
[music] [screaming] Ah.
Well, now I'm going to show you.
>> Don't. The bee's the one who should be afraid. You tyrant. Yeah, you let it go, tyrant.
>> Why are you calling me names? Who's stopping her? She can fly away if she wants.
>> We need to show her the way out.
>> Well, how? Here, little bee.
fly this way.
>> Why don't you try going >> then? What can I say?
[music] >> Shaka, don't move. It'll sting you. It doesn't want to sting. Both of you like to eat sweets. You like eating jam and so does the bee. Why don't you carry Chisaka to the window?
>> Go on, fly.
>> No, that's not going to work. You need to go and get more jam.
>> Here, little bee. Yum, yum.
Go on and fly. You're free.
>> Let her eat first. Don't be greedy.
>> I'm not being greedy.
>> If she eats, she can make honey out of your jam.
>> Long ago, people could only collect honey [music] by destroying the nests of wild bees. And that went on until someone came up with the idea of taming those insects. They started by leaving enough honey for the bees to survive through the winter. People took care of bees in these hollows until they learned to build small houses for them called beehives. And a town made of these bee houses is called an apiary. Bees live and work together in the beehives making honey while beekeepers take care of the bees and collect the honey. Bees are real team players. They tell each other where the best flowers grow. Do you know how they do it? One of the bees does a dance and then the rest of the bees watch the dance and learn where they need to fly.
>> You poor thing. Tom Thomas tired you out.
>> I told you there's nothing to be afraid of. You see, she's just so nice and kind.
>> I'm not afraid of her. She wouldn't let me eat my jam, that's all.
>> Well, now it's time for you to fly away.
Wa! She's playing rough here. I want to try. Uh-uh. No, you're too little.
You'll have to grow to do this job.
Whoa, whoa, whoa. Calm down now. Now, let's fly. Hey, Sima. The window's back there. I can see that without you.
So, how can I get you to turn around?
Cool. Hooray.
She's listening to me.
Woohoo.
>> Don't miss the window.
Now, so long, honey bee. Tadish.
>> Tom Thomas, do you have any more of that jam left?
>> Yeah. What for?
>> Bring it here. We'll get more bees to fly in.
>> How come?
>> What do you mean, how come? Cuz it's MY TURN FOR A bee ride.
[music] >> The piggy bank.
Tom Thomas, why are you throwing away your money?
>> That's not what I'm doing. I'm storing it. This is a piggy bank. Oh, here's another coin.
>> I don't like its snout. That's one very suspicious looking pig. Are you positive your money safe with her?
>> Don't worry. Whatever I put into my bank here is not getting back out. This piggy bank won't give up a scent.
>> You greedy piggy.
>> Come on. Nolik, Sima must have taught you about how banks work.
>> Humans came up with the idea of piggy banks because they wanted a good place to save their coins. For storing lots of money, people use a safe, a large metal box with a very strong lock. Now, that kind of piggy bank's almost impossible to break open. The biggest safes are in banks. Banks use them to store their customers money and other valuables.
There are even safes in banks that are whole rooms. You'd need an awful lot of change to fill up one of these piggy banks.
>> So, why are you saving up all this money >> for roller skates?
>> How much more do you need to save?
>> I don't know. I can't see if there's enough in there.
>> Then just go and open it.
>> But there's no way to do that. The only way is to smash it real hard.
>> So, smash it.
>> Me, forget it. I have nothing to put my money into.
>> But what if there's already enough for roller skates?
>> And what if there's not?
>> All right, then I guess I'll count your money for you.
>> Tanish.
>> Oh, wa. Tom Thomas, you've got a fortune in here.
There are many different kinds of money, and they're not just coins, either. Long ago, people paid each other with shells and squirrel skins [music] and even parrot feathers. And of course, metal coins are more convenient than any of those things. And paper money is even more convenient than coins. One piece of paper can be worth as much as a 100 coins or even a thousand. All that needs to be done is to print more zeros on it and that's all. Today, humans can pay for almost anything without paper money or [music] coins whatsoever. If you have enough money in the bank, you can just walk into a store, give the cashier your bank card, and take your purchase home with you without handing over any money.
The bank knows how much money you spent, and they pay the store for you later.
It's so convenient.
>> So, will you count them? Here we go. One coin and two coins.
>> Wait, no. What? One coin, two coins.
What are you counting? You have to add together all of the different numbers.
>> Huh? You should have told me that before.
>> I never learned how to.
>> Yeah, that's what I figured. Come on out.
What can I do?
>> What if you try stacking the coins so they're like stairs?
>> That's what I'm already doing.
>> Why don't you try tilting THE PIGGY BANK OVER?
>> HANG ON.
>> STOP. I'm getting buried. Put it back the way it was before. This is worse.
Just put the pig down.
>> No. Look. Hang in there, please. I'll get some thread and lower it down to you.
>> I can't get a hold of it. It's too far away. Hey, Tom Thomas, smash the piggy bank.
>> What?
>> Just smash your piggy bank.
>> But I like it.
>> And what? You don't like me?
>> Of course I like you.
>> Well, who do you like more?
>> You're my friend, aren't you? Of course.
>> Then smash the piggy bank, will you?
>> Okay, Nolik. I'm going to do it.
>> Nolan, are you okay?
>> I'm okay. [sighs] >> Thank you, Tom Thomas. Thank you. my friend.
>> No problem.
>> At least now you can count up how much money you have.
>> Nah, there's no reason to do it. There's no way it's enough for roller skates.
>> You're sure? What a shame. [music] But now you've got all of this money here to buy a piggy bank that's totally brand new.
>> Germs.
>> Hooray. Lunch. Tom Thomas, you brought your ball to lunch. It's filthy dirty.
Don't you know how many germs are on it?
Wash yourself up.
Look, they're clean.
Here, it's for you. I saw that. Now go back and wash your hands.
>> Why? There are germs on Chusaka >> a lot.
Come on, give it back again.
Hi, Tom Thomas.
>> Mhm.
>> Why are you so angry?
>> You go wash your hands five times solid.
This has germs. That has germs. Maybe they don't even exist.
>> Of course they do. It's just that they're so tiny you can't see them without a microscope.
>> Tom Thomas, let's go into your dad's office. He's got a microscope. We can take a look at some germs.
Germs or microbes are such tiny creatures we need a microscope to see them. But they live everywhere in the earth, the water, throughout the air.
They're on everything, even on us. Some microbes are able to move around with the help of filaments or tails. Lots of microbes are harmless, but there are some dangerous ones, too. If they get inside of you through your nose or your mouth, you could end up with a sore throat or a stomach ache.
Turn it a little more. Stop. Now take a look.
[gasps] >> It's horrible.
>> Hey, let me take a look. Wow, they're so scary.
>> Hang on. Do I really have germs like that living on my hands, too?
>> You got it.
>> But I washed them uh seven times >> with soap. No, just water.
>> You have to use soap to get rid of germs, not just water.
>> So, which soap should I use?
>> Either this one, that one. They are both antibacterial, so they kill bacteria.
>> And what about germs? Will it kill them?
>> Of course. Bacteria is just another name for germs. They're the same thing. Wash.
Tom, give me a drop of that liquid soap.
I want my hands to be real clean. Good job. That's the spirit.
>> Hooray! We're clean.
>> Let's go put that puzzle together.
>> All right, but doesn't it have germs all over it?
>> And they're on the soccer ball. What are we going to do?
>> I think we should clean them with soap.
No, clean the whole room.
>> You're right.
We are surrounded by millions of invisible microbes. including those that can cause an illness. But there is no need to be afraid of them if you follow these simple rules. Eat only washed fruits [music] and veggies. Keep your home clean and wash your hands very well with soap, preferably an antibacterial one, and everyday. Antibacterial soap protects you for a few hours after it's been washed off. It not only cleans your hands, but also [music] stops germs from reproducing. There are useful microbes, too. Some bacterias can be added to milk to make yogurt and cottage cheese.
Others are used for purifying water.
Even inside of humans are a lot of useful bacteria that help their bodies digest food.
>> Nolik, what do you think? Are there microbes living on the soap?
>> I don't know. We should wash that, too, just in case.
>> Hey, what are you two doing in here?
Washing the soap >> with soap >> so there won't [music] be any germs on it.
>> You've got to be joking. Listen, getting rid of all the microbes is impossible and unnecessary. You just need to protect YOURSELF FROM THE BAD ONES.
>> Bacteria gone. Tom Thomas, I need a minute so I can mop your room.
>> But I already washed it.
>> What a good boy. The table's sparkling.
Just look how clean it is in here.
>> Great job.
What's going on?
>> Nothing.
>> You're not getting sick, are you?
>> No.
>> Tom Thomas, you did a great job in here.
Only you're taking this cleaning way too far. Understand?
>> I've got you.
>> And do you get it? Me? Get what? That the most important thing is to make sure you wash your hands with soap.
>> Okay. To the germ fighters, [laughter] making the world safer, one less germ at a time.
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