L 01 ADDITION REACTION

[00:00:09]foreign one of the most important reaction organic chemistry one of the most important reaction clusters reaction Canon most important purpose in addition to that is chapter foreign foreign foreign power foreign foreign foreign first obviously yes Air volume 3. 80 information thank you Peter Sykes a Peter sites foreign foreign foreign foreign reaction on double bonded system reaction on double bonded system that addition reactions triple bonded reaction s foreign foreign foreign foreign ever obviously in proper condition a double condition a x y reactions this is called the substrate molecule X Y this is the reagent that is the product Ive proper reaction condition active proper reaction condition s product overly reactions during this reaction none of this reagent component or the substrate component is actually left out from the product species so this reaction is called the addition reaction reagent is substrate molecules substrate molecules pipe during this reaction actually the pi Bond actually involved in reacts Pi Bounty reaction involvement Sigma CX and c y so already Alice the pi mode the stronger bond which is from the interactions of or orbital interactions up to hybrid title to hybrid orbital interests from the interactions of two on hybrid p orbital foreign foreign foreign foreign [Music] two Sigma bonds are formed at the cost of a single pipe is generalized statement generalized statement next is carbon carbon is a double bond a double bonded energy around 145 to 146 kilo calorie per mole is carbon carbon Sigma bonds around 82 by 8 uh 82 by 83 kilo calorie per month this is CC Sigma Bond I City key Pi Bond attack on Pi bond energy around 63 kilo calorie per mole title is energy around 63 kilo calorie per mole is foreign dragon eggs foreign involvement Sigma won't break foreign system by alkene but double bonded system s foreign now the double bond actually is terminal double bonded system terminal double bonded system s these are called internal double bonded this stamp these are called internal double bonded system this is called terminal this is called internal clear even next test is a terminal or internal um foreign less substituted only film s product set their products of elimination foreign react reagent reaction corresponding product s available these are double bond for air cyclic system next for cyclic system double bonded system or or cyclic but it okay foreign cyclic compound is what does it mean s plus cyclic aliphatic cyclic systems are not cyclic systems linear cyclic system noise aliphatic and aromatic aromatic compounded aromatic system by aromatic compound glow Addison reaction involved when tickets aromatic compound Addison reaction is cyclic system system about double bond power type do not type the whole one part Kiki hello double bond a either cycling system the cyclic system is foreign system endocyclic recombinant these are called exocyclic exocyclic alkane system exocyclic cyclic system or it is during Addison reaction current addition reaction development aromatic system of oil substitution reaction with so next time totally confined to the aliphatic system that aliphatic system may be cyclic maybe a cyclic aromatic noise hydration reaction reaction number hydration hydration reacts hydration reaction money hydration reaction reaction plus H2 reaction foreign reacts ages water addition to recapitulate elimination reactions this is the alcohol is concentrated sulfuric acid concentrated sulfuric acid foreign agent s elimination reaction involved you know concentrated sulfuric acid in different concentration use depends on the uh alcohol character if an alcohol character particularly alcohol usually three degrees fifty percentage alcohol more than 90 percent that is 98 99 concentrated sulfuric acid temperature high temperature elimination reactions foreign the dehydration reaction molecular dehydration reaction dehydration H2O remote schematic presentation foreign foreign foreign and such absolutely not always an essentially covalent compound covalent compound so so it does not react with alkene as such as simply H2O key reaction answer no reacts with no reacts what should be the way out what should be the way out um during the dehydration reaction concentrated sulfuric acid reverse reactions yes foreign [Music] already electronically Rich system already electronically rich system obviously a reagent conditions foreign foreign image is sulfuric acid HCL hbr Etc uh hydrogen h plus ionos is to prepare actually this alcohol sulfuric acid concentrated sulfuric acid this is the best product formation of alcohol um to proceed to proceed this reaction towards right towards right towards right here towards right we have to we have to use an acid source and acid source which can initiate the reacts which can initiate the reaction one such important one such important acid source is concentrated sulfuric acid we should not again we should not use ACL or HPR okay foreign acid actually involve in this reaction foreign to conduct the particular reaction but to result uh the particular Target molecules of product s foreign foreign react with concentrated h2so4 how the Olympians analytical analytical perspective how the oliphene react with concentrated HQ support depends on the depends on the physical state physical state of olive in a physical status [Music] suppose concentrated sulfuric acid drug concentrated gas foreign liquid concentrated detector glass rod type is foreign foreign however reacts concentrated sulfuric acid air changes [Music] this part is the alkyl part this is hydrogen and this is so4 sulfate foreign it actually is deliquisite solid deliquisite is always tickets solid this one foreign foreign foreign foreign product formation product formation have have three major application major application applications most important the aspect foreign alkane or alkyl halide is and this is the by-product it is a byproductive this is suppose this alkene is the impurities impurities impurity is foreign technique concentrated sulfuric acid concentrated is a mixture after reactions foreign alkene alkane bar alkyl halide is dissolving [Music] to calculus thus from this technique technique we can separate we can separate the impurity alkene from the mixture from the mixture or that mixture separate corrector foreign even next separation of alkene from alkane or alkyl Allied um foreign [Music] foreign foreign foreign sulfuric acid ity product is foreign alkyl hydrogen sulphate or 80 kilo by products foreign simply foreign [Music] foreign foreign this is the alkyl hydrogen sulphate AKA H2O Heat again alcohol is H2O auction minus minus back curve this is o h plus Plus plus H2S 80.

[00:56:31]alcohol preparation mechanism alkene concentrated sulfuric acid alkyl hydrogen sulphate AK bar H2O Heat hello overall scheme ever reaction mechanism you know however concentrate h2so4 sulfuric acid H2 super money is double bonded carbonif is h plus J F T carbon h plus attack s alkenta symmetrical every symmetrical ceremony H minus this is o is o3h minus AOS to th minus a positive charge this is H o SO3 H this is the product called alkyl hydrogen sulfate this is alkyl hydrogen sulfite um foreign Ty of hydration reacts reduce selectivity of hydration reaction agile diaper is to foreign selectivity or there is symmetrical respect symmetrical Japanese SP2 carbon attached 2 identical atom or group s exactly same by exactly acting is foreign either either concentrated sulfuric acid hydration reactions the first okay positive charge if our as usual Oso three h minus title so this is oso3 H R 2 h or actually suppose C to the protonation A cation this is r r o so3h is 80 or a product is identical exactly same H minus age same product formation identical product formation point so there is no region selectivity no Regio select tvt foreign thank you suppose this one this is the propene is a double bonded carbon system Roger this is the one two and three foreign h plus ch3 foreign together H2 Plus if our next step o so3h minus a attack similarly oso3h minus hata result ch3 ch2 ch2 oso3h 3 c h o s o three h foreign [Music] they are Regio isomar era Regio isomer or you can say they are constitutional issue they are constitutional is obviously a particular substrate on symmetrical on symmetrical Canada symmetrical a act number carbonation is so this is symmetric foreign Ty [Music] arises questions of radio selectivity arises which one is Major and which one is minor a hollow question region selectivity question is foreign [Music] foreign foreign Ty can be explained radio selectivity can be explained by considering by considering the carbocation ability is Three Degree greater than 2 degree greater than one degree eight rate this carbon is 2 degree and this carbon is one degree title it is more stable this one is more step this one is more stable and this one is less stable list major product set I have a major or 80 kg this one is the minor product tickets final the product or sorry propane propane reaction is three CH double bond ch2 okay through concentrated sulfuric acid so this is ch3 h plus stage three next [Music] ch oso3h and this is ch3 Next Step H2O they hit the hollow hydrolysis as the major product 80 active major product is clear um major products at a three and um sulfuric acid reactions so actually sulfuric acid or concentration foreign foreign Next Step is eighty percent sulfuric acid delay second take a sulfate next H2 Heat alcohol for a step foreign compound this one 62 to 63 percent sulfuric acid s 80.

[01:16:55]next H2 hit this is o h a product is foreign with increase of number of alkyl groups alkyl groups decreases decreases the sulfuric acid concentration decreases the sulfuric acid concentration it is foreign foreign foreign foreign similarly Plus a protonation this is ch3 A cation formation is stability of the increase obviously reaction is tickets hydrogen hydrogen academies exactly experimental data song hydrogen three degrees so similarly foreign tickets foreign foreign alcohol you can think of similarly three degree alcohol stability increase foreign carbocation stability with increase of carbocation stability increases with increase of carbocation stability decreases reaction condition reaction energy conditions concentration decrease internal alcohol internal internal alcohol is always formation is next the information this reaction condition this reaction condition always result condition always result always result internal alcohol always result internal alcohol except alcohol from Ethylene always resolved internal alcohol now the question is now the question is question is how can we how can we prepare terminal alcohol how can we prepare terminal alcohol is from the same Olive film from the same same Olympic terminal alcohol foreign way out is the way out is the hydroboration hydroboration followed by oxidase a actor reaction reaction is detailed presentation foreign th followed by H2O2 o h minus terminal positioning alcohol this is the terminal alcohol terminal internal alcohol is foreign letter foreign followed by oxidation area terminal