JKSSB || Most Expected Questions From Medical Surgical Nursing || Part-3 || By Sumaira Ayaz Ma'am

[00:00:01]Hello students, I hope you all are fine, having fun and now the chapter we are going to talk about today is Disaster Nursing. We will look at its important questions. We will try to solve them and you will follow the rule of my class and that is you will keep a rough in front of you, keep a pen and mark all these questions with you.

[00:00:21]Then we will see how many you are doing right and how many you are doing wrong. Are you able to think correctly about how many people are rational? Ok?

[00:00:30]So let's look at question number one.

[00:00:34]Question number one is asking us which international body is primarily responsible for coordinating international disaster response. So he is asking us that among the options that we have, which option will come for whom? Primary Response for Coordinating International Disaster Response. Ok? Is it WHO? Is it UNDAC? Is it UNICEF and is it World Bank. So as it is written here on option B, the full form of UNDAC is United Nations Disaster Assessment and Coordination. See, no such paper will come. Where you people may get the full form of all these things.

[00:01:17]So here we are adopting this trial method of practicing MCQs, trying them, in this you will come to know that UNDAC is the body which is responsible for the primary response of international disaster. Ok? So, option B is the correct one. Now Why Not WHO?

[00:01:37]You know WHO, it comes for health emergencies. Ok? Who is it for? WHO for health emergencies.

[00:01:44]Look, you have to note all these things.

[00:01:47]Whenever we are asking a question here, it is not because we want to exclude the wrong answers. So don't even look at what they are doing. Yes, by excluding them we will try to know a little about them.

[00:01:58]Ok? Now what about UNICEF? It deals with children.

[00:02:05]Ok? And World Bank Deals with the Economy Money.

[00:02:09]So this one is the option that primarily deals with responsibility and is responsible for coordinating and national disaster response. So let us move ahead to question number two. Question number two is asking us that NDMA National Disaster Management Authority in India was established under which Act. Ok?

[00:02:32]You have to keep its full form in mind also. Maybe such full form questions may not come in the exam tomorrow. There it will be directly known under which Act NDMA has been established in India. So at that moment you should be knowing about the full form of abbreviation that is National Disaster Management Authority which was established in India, under which act was it established? Was that Disaster Management Act 2003? Was that Disaster Management Act 2005 or was it Environmental Protection Act 1986 or Civil Defence Act 1968?

[00:03:07]So the right answer here is yes it is Disaster Management Act 2005 why not three? Because there is no such act.

[00:03:16]Environmental Protection Act. Why this?

[00:03:18]This Act does not directly talk about disaster management.

[00:03:25]Only disasters are not covered under the Environment Protection Act.

[00:03:27]Many other headings are also being covered in this. So, those who directly established the Act for disaster management, that was under Disaster Management Act 2005. The Civil Defence Act, as it stands, plays no role when we speak about disaster management. So that is how the other three options get excluded from the question of NDMA Establishment Act by one of the following. Ok? Now question number three is asking us that in the start try system a patient breathing at the rate of 28 breaths per minute with normal perfusion should be tagged as. So what about the patient we have?

[00:04:12]His breathing pattern, ah you know um, is observed in the START TRA system, that is 28 breaths per minute and he has normal perfusion. But we have been told that you should tell us where we want to place him in the following. Now let us understand that the green one is where the walking wond people go. Ok? Means those who need minor care. Those who need minor care. Yellow goes to those who can wait okay and red goes to those who need very fast care. The dead body is kept in the fast immediate care area and the black area.

[00:04:56]So this is a triage system in which segregation is done in this manner for the patients who come there. If we see 28 breaths per minute, this is not normal breathing. Right?

[00:05:08]So, if we talk about immediate red, then when there are more than 30 breaths per minute and due to that there is an impact on perfusion, then very immediate treatment is required there. But 28 is around 30. Right?

[00:05:26]We have to ask such questions. And this is a breathing issue which can lead to further complications if it is not treated immediately. It can result into critical situations. That is why the right answer here is red. Red immediately C option is the correct answer. We can't wait for the patient who has 20 breaths, 28 breaths per minute, that too will reach 30 within no minutes if you will not do the right treatment. So the question of green and yellow does not arise.

[00:05:52]And black is automatically coming out. The important thing we need to look at here is that we need to see the triad system, this is very important when we talk about multiple choice exams. The triad system is very important. We need to understand where and how it is used? What things are important in this?

[00:06:15]So, by star marking it you will give it important attention. Now moving toward question number four.

[00:06:26]Question number four is asking us what does the m in methane mnemonic use it in major incident reporting stand for. Ok?

[00:06:36]So where is this mnemonic being used? in Major Incident Reporting.

[00:06:42]This M here is asking us what does this M stand for? So what do we do? We do one thing. Let us see the full form of this entire mnemonic once.

[00:06:52]Ok? M here is major incident declared.

[00:07:07]Ok? E is the exact location.

[00:07:16]Ok.

[00:07:18]T is type of incident.

[00:07:25]You need to right this with me. Ok? You will this will help you in revising all of these things. H is Hazard's Present.

[00:07:38]Ok? Then a is access routes.

[00:07:47]And then n is number and severity ok and then e is emergency services available.

[00:08:11]Ok. So this mnemonic is useful in reporting of any mass casualty.

[00:08:22]What do we get to know from this mnemonic? M stands for Major Incident Declared, E stands for Exact Location, P stands for Type of Incident, H stands for Hazard is Present, A access route and number and severity, E emergency services available. So we simply pick on what is attached to it. So which one is it? Major Incident Declared.

[00:08:50]Ok? Now if we pay attention to this thing, why is the rest not there? This methane is not a mnemonic that you just made up.

[00:08:59]We liked it so we made it. That's it. Every relevant act is added to it and along with that one statement matches out with the other statement. Medical source resources available will not be included in this.

[00:09:14]Mechanism of injury will not be included in this.

[00:09:17]Medical commando will not be included in this. Because we do not need to report its incidents in advance. Whatever she is reading is already in this mnemonic and we proceed accordingly. So now let us move on to question number. Question number five asks us during an earthquake which nursing action takes the highest priority for a trapped conscious victim. Earthquake is now which disaster? Natural disaster. very good. So the question is what would be the highest nursing action in this natural disaster like earthquake?

[00:09:53]When we see a trapped conscious victim there. Now let us look at the options below. Ok? First comes administering oral fluids. This will be the wrong option.

[00:10:02]Because in trauma we do not give oral fluids just like that. It's not given in trauma. Fine. Then comes Access for Crush Syndrome and Establish IV Access. So if we look at crush syndrome or we call it traumatic rheumatoid arthritis, checking this is very important because this problem can be life threatening for those who are trapped in an earthquake.

[00:10:43]Ok? And here we give it.

[00:10:46]Then we establish IV access so that fluid can be restored.

[00:10:52]After that comes option B is the correct option here. Then comes Immobilize All Fractures Before Moving. So, we cannot immobilize all fractures before moving.

[00:11:03]Untill we are not knowing where the problem is, what is there. So, this cannot become the first immediate nursing priority.

[00:11:10]Ok? Perform CPR.

[00:11:13]What do we do CPR for? Pulse less. And what we have here is the conscious victim. So in the same way this also gets cancelled out. So this was about the earthquake. Now moving towards another question.

[00:11:32]Question number six is ​​asking us the code, the color code for a patient in disaster triage who has minor injuries and can walk.

[00:11:41]So we check your presence of mind.

[00:11:44]In the previous questions, we asked the triage question. So that would be minor injuries and that can walk as well. Will he come to the raid? No. Will he come to Yellow? No. Will he come to the green? Yes.

[00:11:58]Yes, so there is nothing blue blue, so let's cross it anyway. The immediate ones come in red. Those who have immediate need for management. They come in yellow.

[00:12:09]Those Who Can Wait and Green come in for the minor injuries and those who can walk. Simplest question.

[00:12:16]We have done this before and I have told you again and again that triage is very important.

[00:12:20]Full focus has to be put on this. Have to pay full attention.

[00:12:24]Now moving towards question number seven.

[00:12:26]Which phase of the disaster management cycle involves activities before a disaster to reduce its impact. We have a disaster management cycle.

[00:12:38]Ok? Now we have to tell that according to that cycle, what is the first thing you are doing in a disaster? What is the first thing we do in a disaster? Ok?

[00:12:51]To reduce it. Fine. What do we have response fuzz? Recovery is fuzz, mitigation is that rehabilitation is fuzz. So the first fuzz that comes in the disaster cycle, that is mitigation. Ok? What happens in mitigation? There is risk assessment in this. It takes planning. Education is given in this.

[00:13:13]All the drilling etc. is done in it. So, medication fuzz is basically that fuzz where preparations are made for the disaster before the disaster. Ok? Of disaster.

[00:13:28]Then after the disaster occurs, the response phase comes. Then comes the recovery phase. And then comes the rehabilitation fuzz. So This Is What the Disaster Cycle Looks Like. So the first thing that happens before a disaster is mitigation. And whatever disaster comes, then we give the response to that. Then we wait for recovery. Then we wait for rehabilitation. Again I will mark here that which is disaster management cycle or disaster as a cycle and disaster as a topic, it is one of the most important topics from this unit from this chapter disaster management cycle and our full attention should be given to it. Like I said for triage. The second one is for the disaster management cycle. Ok? Now moving towards another question. Question number 8 is asking us The NDRF National Disaster Response Force, see we have seen other abbreviations in it till now. Ok? We have to focus completely on them.

[00:14:42]We have to keep their full form in mind.

[00:14:44]We have to note down these abbreviations on the side.

[00:14:46]This is also very important. Maybe tomorrow when the question comes in the exam, we will not have the full form there. So how many battalions does NDRF in India consist of? The question is how many battalions are there in that National Disaster Response Force? Currently, currently there is neither eight nor 10 nor 12 in it.

[00:15:10]And how many are there in it then? 16. How many are there currently? There were 166 of them in it.

[00:15:15]Then it became 10. Then there were 12 in it. But currently it has 16 battalions. Who all are coming in this? What are the parameter forcings coming in? CRPF is coming into this.

[00:15:30]Ok? BSF is coming into this. Ok?

[00:15:33]ITBP is coming in this.

[00:15:36]CISF is coming into this. SSB is coming into this. Ok?

[00:15:40]So, what do they train for? These trains are CBR. What is this CBRn? C stands for C stands for Chemical. Ok? C Stands for Chemical. Ok? B for Biological.

[00:16:01]Ok? and R for radiological.

[00:16:06]and N for nuclear. Meaning, any of these sides can give whatever disaster response they have to give against any disaster.

[00:16:15]Ok? So this is the thing they are trained for, so that they can provide disaster response or rescue.

[00:16:23]Ok? So this is what NDRF is about. Ok? After this we reach question number nine. What we are asking is what triage category is assigned to patients with no breathing even after opening the airway in the START system. The question here is saying that the patient who has been assigned to the trial system is not breathing. Even after opening the airway, that is, here the head is turned left or right.

[00:17:07]Meaning an emergency response is already given here. Even after that the patient is not responding. So triage resources are not to be wasted on this patient pay s.

[00:17:22]So let us put it in the dead category which comes according to the black color coding, red immediate, no, it will not come in this because it has already been given to it. Immediate response is already given in it. To which he did not respond from there. Yellow Delayed What will we wait for in this? When we are seeing that there is no breathing happening here.

[00:17:45]So this is a green minor, it will not come in the minor. If there is no breathing then how did the minor happen? So here comes black in which expected or dead will come. Means if it's not dead. Still we can't resource you no waste resource on this patient currently. Even when we have given the emergency response. So that's why this is the correct answer.

[00:18:06]Now moving towards question number 10. Who is asking us, a nurse is working in flood affected areas. So where are you working? Is the nurse doing it? Flood affected areas. Flood affected again it is one of the natural disaster. No doubt humans make an impact in this. But it also comes under national disaster. Which disease should be the primary concern? When these questions come, then this is primary, letter on first, last. Ok? It is very important to pay full attention to these.

[00:18:36]Because sometimes there will be many such options in the question. There can be two such options which can become a concern for disease surveillance. But we have to see what is the primary concern.

[00:18:48]Is it tuberculosis? Tuberculosis is the first thing. It is not water borne. So this is cancer here. Then comes dengue fever. This is a vector borne disease. So, we are not seeing the role of water in this also.

[00:19:04]So, this will also be cancelled. Then there is cholera and leptospirosis.

[00:19:09]This is a water borne disease and we need to keep surveillance for this. And it is the right answer. A nursing personnel who is working in flood affected areas.

[00:19:21]Its primary concern is surveillance of diseases such as cholera and leprosy leptospirosis. Ok? Now only malaria will come. This is also not only or not? Yes these mosquitoes that ah they ah they breed in these in these areas. But primary water borne disease.

[00:19:42]So directly we will not consider this as a primary concern.

[00:19:44]Yes, monitoring is good. But monitoring is good, but not the primary response. Primary surveillance. Ok?

[00:19:51]That's how the option C is the correct option.

[00:19:54]Now moving towards another question.

[00:19:58]What is question number 11 asking us?

[00:20:01]In the incident command system, who is responsible for overall management at the incident scene. So who is in the incident command system who is overall responsible for the management of the incident scene? Ok? So the first one is our operational section chief. The second is the incident commander, the third is the safety officer and the fourth is the logistics section chief. So the right answer to this is Incident Commander. Ok? Whatever reporting is done, it reaches the incident commander so that he can manage it well. So this Operational Chief Section Chief looks after the tactical field operations. Ok?

[00:20:48]Safety Officer As a name indicates, he looks after safety from hazards. And logistics looks after the resources.

[00:20:59]Fine. So what is left there? The incident commander who manages whom? Overall incidents. Ok?

[00:21:09]Then we come to question number 12.

[00:21:11]Question number 12 is asking us what is the primary purpose of hospital disaster management? So what is the primary purpose of hospital disaster management?

[00:21:21]We will see that following. To evacuate all patients from the hospital during an emergency. Is this it? To ensure the hospital can continue functioning and to provide care during disasters, to train nurses in the first aid only to coordinate with the police department exclusively. If we look at all these options, they match with disaster somewhere or the other.

[00:21:46]But now we have to see which of these will be the most accurate answer and the most appropriate answer for the hospital disaster management plan. Ok? So, this will be option B to ensure the hospital can continue functioning and provide care during the disaster. Ok? If we talk about evacuation, this part is disaster. Of the response. Ok? It's part of disaster response. This is not the only role of passport disaster management.

[00:22:18]To train nurses for first aid only. So first of all, one is not trained only in first aid.

[00:22:23]But still it is for the preparedness of disaster.

[00:22:30]Ok? So if coordination comes, this also comes under disaster management.

[00:22:36]But hospital disaster management does n't just cover that. What mainly matches here is to ensure that the hospital can function continuously and provide the care needed during the disaster. Now moving towards question number 13 which says in chemical disaster management the hot zone refers to.

[00:23:02]What does hot zone mean in chemical disaster management? So if we talk about these zones, then the hot zone is the highest contaminated zone. Ok? What is this? Highest contaminated zone. One has to go there with PPE. The PPE cups that will be there will monitor the response there.

[00:23:31]Then comes the warm zone.

[00:23:34]Ok? There is a warm zone where contamination is reduced a bit.

[00:23:44]Ok? Then comes the cold zone where the treatment takes place. So in chemical disaster management, these three zones, hot zone, warm zone and cold zone, have different meanings. Now you are asking us here what does hot zone mean?

[00:24:07]So let's look here. The area by contamination The contamination is performed.

[00:24:12]No, this is not that area. He matches out with Warm. Ok? The area with the highest contamination directly at the immediate side. That is true. This is the right answer. So this is the area where there is maximum contamination. It is near the direct side. That's it. Meaning the treatment area for chemically exposed patients, this is the cold zone where the treatment is taking place.

[00:24:34]The Command Post Location. This is not the answer. So the answer is be whichever side has the highest contamination directly on the immediate side that is the hot zone. Then there is the warm zone where the continuation has occurred.

[00:24:48]Then there is the cold zone where treatment takes place in case of chemical disaster management. So this becomes another important topic for us, chemical disaster management, about which we need to read further. So it is one more important topic. Ok? Now moving towards question number 14 which is asking us which of the following is a natural disaster? Very simple question.

[00:25:12]Industrial exposure is a man-made disaster.

[00:25:15]Who created the industry? Man said. So who created the disaster? Man said. Nuclear reactor meltdown is a man-made disaster.

[00:25:23]Ok?

[00:25:24]Tsunami it's not manmade. It is natural. That's why this is the right answer. Oil spitch again it is man. Oil Spell is manmade. So it is one of the easiest questions to solve that which disaster is man-made and which is a natural disaster. Now moving towards question number 15 which is asking us what are the primary aims of psychological first aid in disaster nursing? So what is the primary aim of psychological first aid in disaster nursing?

[00:26:02]If we talk about psychological first aid, it works on five core principles.

[00:26:14]Ok? So what are the five core principles? Let us take a look at them. So the first principle is that is safety. This means you have to remove the harm so that he is safe and feels safe. The second is work.

[00:26:36]Ok? Now you have to reduce the disaster.

[00:26:39]Kama and the third is connectedness.

[00:26:47]That means social support. Whenever a person is in a certain disaster, they are basically cut off from everyone, which makes them feel most emotionally and psychologically traumatized, so connectedness is important to combat that.

[00:27:06]So connectedness means where they can get social support. And the fourth one is hope. The fifth one is self- efficacy.

[00:27:21]So when we look at these five core principles.

[00:27:25]This is about psychological first aid during disaster. So these include five core principles. First you save them. Provide them a working environment.

[00:27:36]Give them social support. Give them hope. And then self-efficacy.

[00:27:44]Make them efficient in doing as much as they can themselves. So, this is what we saw. Now, we will see here who is coinciding with this primary. Does it provide psychiatric treatment? So, this thing, it will not come up in the primary.

[00:27:57]Primarily the focus there is not on this thing. If we are not giving medication, then it gets cut out already.

[00:28:03]Then there is Promote Safety, Work, Connected Necessities Self Ack and Hope. So, if you see, I already mentioned these principles here. The same is there in this also. Out of these, you will tick whichever comes first in any question. May B question will be asked.

[00:28:18]Which is the first primer nursing M in psychological first aid? It will be written there only Promote Safety. So you have to tick on that. Then comes administering angiolytic medication, which is not a right [sound of clearing throat] answer. Then undiagnosed PTSD. Among the survivors, post-traumatic stress disorder will be checked after psychological assessment, so this will not be the first primary nursing care in case of psychological first aid. Ok? So this was about the psychological first aid during nursing primary nursing m what is that? Now let us come to the next question. Question number 16 is asking us which population is considered most vulnerable during disaster.

[00:29:06]So, what is the population that is considered what during a disaster? Very venerable. Is it adult male age 20 to 40 years, health care workers, elderly children, pregnant women and persons with disabilities, teachers and government employees. So, the correct answer is option C. C which is male adult male they are considered least one in rebel. Ok? Health care workers are trained to rescue themselves in these situations.

[00:29:43]So, these teachers and government employees also have good resources of such information. Ok?

[00:29:58]Meaning, when a disaster occurs, what does vulnerable population mean? The population that is closer to the body. Ok? So that population is first taken out of the disaster.

[00:30:11]So we will not always get all these options together. Maybe we get only one of these options under this very category. So we have to tick that. Be it elderly, children, pregnant women or persons with disabilities. Ok? Now moving question number 17 is asking us why among these biological disaster bioterrorism category A agents are the most dangerous? So why are Category A bioterrorism attacks the most dangerous? Before knowing this, let us know what comes under Category A? In category A, there comes anthrax, small box, okay, plaque botulism, viral hemorrhagic fever, so these come under which?

[00:31:22]Within Category A. And why is it dangerous? Are easy to treat with common antibiotics. First of all, there is also a viral infection in it. So, he will not be treated with antibiotics.

[00:31:32]So, this is where the wrong answer comes in. Then there is the opposite: highest risk to public health, can be easily disseminated and can cause high mortality. This is the right answer. Now, here it's the same thing. There may be only one option here, such as Easily Disseminated or Easily Causes High Motility or Poses Highest Risk for Public Health. So we can tick any of these three.

[00:31:55]Ofn Affect Animals Only and Not Humans. It is not like that. If any of these goes to the animal first, it can still reach the human.

[00:32:05]Minimal personal protective equipment is required. No, there is nothing like that.

[00:32:12]Personal protective equipment plays a very important role in all these infections and diseases. That is why this is discarded from the question. Ok? Now let us come to question number 18.

[00:32:27]Question number 18 asks us, during a landslide disaster, which injury should a nurse suspect first in the victim? So, during a landslide disaster, what are the injuries from the following that the nurse has to suspect first among the victim? We saw this thing in Earthquake also.

[00:32:47]We looked at the crush injury there and gave him IV fluids.

[00:32:50]Ok? Here she is asking us what are the injuries in landslide that the nurse can do the nurse suspect first of all.

[00:32:58]Ok? So this is another important thing that in any disaster that is happening, it is very important for us to know the first problem that may arise due to that disaster.

[00:33:10]Ok?

[00:33:12]It is important to understand that when there is a problem in a disaster, when you know there is any sort of disaster, we have to see what will be the nurse's first suspect, what would that person have become a victim of, who would have come out through the disaster.

[00:33:30]Whether it is a landslide, it is different for him, it is different for him, or we talk about the Earth is different for him. So here is what we need to understand about land disasters.

[00:33:42]And what does the nurse have to suspect?

[00:33:48]What will happen to the first victim from this that the nurse will suspect.

[00:33:49]Ok? So what did I tell you? I told that the first thing we have to suspect in any type of disaster is something we should know about every disaster.

[00:34:00]For now, let us see which one will come here. Is it burn injuries from fire? First thing, it cancels out right there. There will be fire in the landslide.

[00:34:10]It's not necessary. Ok? It may happen sometimes in very rare cases. But maximum time there is no direct mention of fire in this landslide. So We're Discarding the Fireman. Then comes crash injuries, traumatic asphyxia and fractures. So again, whichever option there is among these three, whether it is crash injuries, whether it is traumatic asphyxia or fractures. In a landslide disaster, any of these nurses can be the first suspect to treat the victim. It can be possible.

[00:34:40]Chemical poisoning again wrong. Is there any chemical poisoning in the landslide?

[00:34:44]Landslide is a different disaster.

[00:34:47]Chemical poisoning is a different disaster.

[00:34:49]And radiation exposure is also not correct in terms of if we will see the landslide disaster. So, the primary injury that a nurse can suspect at the first time is crush injury or traumatic asphyxia or any fracture, there will be no burn in it, there will be no chemical poisoning, there will be no radiation also.

[00:35:10]Now we come to the question.

[00:35:14]Question number 19 is asking us: A nurse is caring for a victim of sarin gas nerve damage and exposure. Which antidote combination should be administered immediately. The patient who is being cared for by the nurse is a victim of sarin gas. Ok? Now we have to see what antidote we have to give to it. Ferrous gas which is it is organophosphate. Ok? And what does it do? It inhibits the action of este colère genètres.

[00:35:58]Ok? He is inhabiting his function.

[00:36:02]So which of the following drugs can work as its antidote? The first option is natural cysteine and vitamin C. So the acetyl cysteine ​​is the antidote for PCM overdose and not the sarin gas agent. Ok? Then it becomes cancer. Atropine and Predzo Parlidozoin which is this is the right answer for this question because this is performing the function of antidote in case of sarin gas nerve agent. Ok? Sodium thiosulfate and amyl nitrate are antidotes to cyanide poisoning. Ok? What is the antidote for? Of cyanide poisoning.

[00:36:51]Calcium gluconate is an antidote for calcium channel blockers.

[00:37:02]Ok?

[00:37:04]So in this question we have been asked about sarin gas exposure. Antador, tell me what will you give in combination? Enstyle cysteine ​​is what we give there because of the dosage towards PCM, you know. Then atropine plus prednisone is what we give in the antidote and combination of sarin gas. Sodium thiosulfate is given for cyanide poisoning.

[00:37:30]We give calcium gluconate as a calcium channel blocker. Please mark this.

[00:37:36]What is this? Yes, this is an important thing. Ok? This is an important thing. It is important to know about the exposure to all these items and all these chemicals. Along with that, it is also very important to know their antidote. Like here we have seen these four and we will see about them further.

[00:38:00]Now we come to question number 20. Question number 20 is asking us what does unity of command mean? According to ICS Principle. Ok? What does this mean? Origins itself used the same command structure. Each person reports to one supervisor only. The Instant Commander has unlimited authority. All commands must be written. So, let's first look at All Agencies Use Same Command, which is, it's talking about standardization, not unity of command. Who are you talking about? It's about standardization.

[00:38:35]Each person reports to once for each other only.

[00:38:38]That is the right answer for this. Unity of command means that whoever is doing the work, they are doing the work, but there is only one supervisor to give them direction for the work and there is only one supervisor to check them.

[00:38:50]The Incident Commander Has Unlimited Authority. This statement itself is wrong. The answer is a different matter. This statement is completely wrong. No incident commander has unlimited authority. And understand that no one has unlimited authority. Or until they have the same kind of accountability for that. So, this answer here is wrong.

[00:39:12]All commands must be written in writing.

[00:39:14]It is also not the correct way of posing unity of command as a meaning of by principal ICS principle. So, with this our ascension begins. It ends here.

[00:39:27]What are the important things we saw here, that was about the disaster cycle?

[00:39:30]After that we looked at what different disasters could happen. Then we looked at antidotes. Then we looked at triage. So all these things are very important which we have to keep an eye on.

[00:39:42]These questions have to be answered. Until we meet again. Thank you very much.