Chemistry Isomerism | One Shot + PYQs | Rank Booster Series | AAU CET 2026

[00:00:01]Hello organic which is also the base of organic chemistry. Okay.

[00:00:25]which is ring chain isomer to functional isomer that is a chain isomer and then position isomer. Okay.

[00:00:36]And then stereo further geometrical or optical divide. Okay.

[00:00:54]blah blah. Okay. Now optical is optically active center. Okay. We will read about all of these. Okay. Now start structural isomeism.

[00:01:11]They are of the same molecular formula.

[00:01:17]C2 H5 O. Okay. C2 H5.

[00:01:25]Okay.

[00:01:30]Like two or more compounds.

[00:01:33]Okay. and a different structural formula and then we will know or ether. Okay. Now check isomer first is chain isomer check isomer. No like the name itself says chain chain differs in number of carbon atoms in main chain. Okay.

[00:02:08]Okay. Like methan propenitent is different. Okay.

[00:02:27]C5 H12 like this is what twoth butin. Okay.

[00:02:45]This one this is the molecular formula same C5 H12 C5 H2. Okay. Now come right substituent functional group include example this is what three number alcohol Now functional groupinal functional group like C Okay. Only groups. Okay. Different alkal groups on either side of the functional group.

[00:04:01]Okay.

[00:04:11]Right. Number group done is one more thing of double bound of unsaturation is = Triple bound or unsaturation is ringal plus like pair of degree of unsaturation.

[00:05:12]Right.

[00:05:16]They are not isomers. Okay. Now functional is functional group difference in functional group.

[00:05:28]See alcohol.

[00:05:30]Okay. Alcohol and molecular formula same degree of unsaturation same degree of unsaturation same. Molecular formula structure different structure I mean check this is C C and O this is alcohol C O C this is ether not a problem okay type of functional isomer pair of functional alcohol and ether alihide and ketone right acid and okay group double bond O something R this is okay C and NCI is functional isomer 1° 2° okay primary secondary tertiary means they are functional isomer of each other.

[00:06:41]In check in triple bonds 1 1 of each alcohol.

[00:07:09][snorts] No, that's a complete different functional group for phenol phenolic group. Okay. Now for example check and CH3 CH2 N see they are the functional is of each other. What is this group which is phenol? Okay, right. This is alcoholic group only.

[00:07:50]This is alcoholic group and this is group.

[00:07:55]See this is a phenol.

[00:08:00]All right. These two are the functional of each other.

[00:08:09]Keto the name says itself group. Okay.

[00:08:28]What? Right.

[00:08:46]Check.

[00:08:53]Right like this.

[00:09:14]C double bond. This is the this is the inol form in all form and this is the keto form. If you check the saturation degree of unsaturation of saturation same this is double bond and this is one right chain isomer degree of unsaturation same okay this is the ring of what carbon this is the ring of five carbon Right.

[00:10:03]C5 H10 formula C5 H10eism is restricted rotation.

[00:10:15]See restricted rotation what rotation is restricted.

[00:10:23]Okay.

[00:10:25]GI about double bond. Okay.

[00:10:28]This is important. GI about double bond is important.

[00:10:41]Okay.

[00:10:43]Okay.

[00:10:58]Okay.

[00:11:04]What is like atom which is X like different group A, B, C and D. A not equal C not right.

[00:11:39]Now what is plain polarized?

[00:12:03]Not like contains optically active compound.

[00:12:29]Okay. And this is known as optically active. Okay.

[00:12:48]The compound is active, right?

[00:12:56]D. Okay. D is anticlockwise.

[00:13:06]or okay number of optical nothing.

[00:13:25]Okay.

[00:13:38]Number of optical center number of symmetry. Plane of symmetry.

[00:14:01]Identically inactive symmetry.

[00:14:14]Okay.

[00:14:26]distance.

[00:14:29]Okay, that is known as center of symmetry.

[00:14:38]symmetry present and that compound will be if present then optically inactive comes like this is the mirror okay what non-s superimposable for that co which is non superimposable nons superimposable wait Okay.

[00:15:38]They are non superimposable, right? But they are mirror image but they okay done but non superimposable this is the only condition or carbon compound two or more carbon And this is one.

[00:16:19]Okay. Done.

[00:16:22]Posdident group I told you the compound is optically inactive inactive internal compensation.

[00:17:00]Same compell.

[00:17:08]anticlockwise.

[00:17:11]This one optically inactive. Okay, done. Now let's continue with the questions. The maximum number of geometrical isomers possible for but 2 in. Now you have to know uh you have to know how to draw the structure. But two in but we need to take four carbons. Done.

[00:18:08]The number of geometrical geometrical is check is geometricalism and trans only. Okay.

[00:18:24]Check on center. This is known as the center.

[00:18:58]Optical ism arises mainly due to the prescial arrangement.

[00:19:18]Yeah. Spatial arrangement.

[00:19:22]SP A T I A L. Okay.

[00:19:26]space arrangement different.

[00:19:29]Now check um next question. Which type of isomeism is shown by check. What is this? This is an ether. Okay. And what is this? This is an alcohol.

[00:19:40]Alcohol and ether are what functional isomers of each other. Done. Um see next question. Which of the following pairs represent chain isomer? What chain?

[00:19:50]Chain isomer. What is chain isomer?

[00:19:52]Number of chain difference. Okay.

[00:19:55]Different ethanol and ether functional group question propanel and propan alihide and ketone again a functional isomer but one or two in see number one number two okay and rest this is check this is common name I mean okay this is the common name is structure right see this is the structure of isobutin okay and this is nbutin and 1 2 normal butin 1 2 3 and four. See main difference.

[00:21:08]Okay. A2 methyl propen butin of course different number of the pair of compounds that are position isomer is position difference in something difference in position of either substituent double bond or functional group. Okay. And but one in and two in. Yes. Exactly.

[00:21:38]Exactly. And this is what no function is. Again a function is commonly shown by compounds containing what amtoism is commonly shown by compounds containing Right.

[00:22:19]Alcohol bas.

[00:22:22]Which of the following compounds can show metr? Again propanel propel is againinal functional group.

[00:22:41]The number of optical isomers possible for a molecule with one carbon.

[00:22:47]One carbon. Okay.

[00:22:53]Okay.

[00:22:56]Max 2.

[00:23:07]Which compound among the following exhibits geometric isomer due to restricted rotation restricted rotation around double bond okaytal No problem. Okay.

[00:23:54]Okay.

[00:23:58]Right.

[00:24:10]Which type of isomeism is shown by propell and proponihide and ketone functional group. Which of the following pairs are functional isomers of each other? Again functional is see propen mythoxy ethan. It's a ether.

[00:24:26]Now next question. Which of the following compounds is optically inactive despite having carbon? Okay.

[00:24:50]optically inactive and this compound is known as miso tartic acid. Okay.

[00:25:02]Okay.

[00:25:04]This one optically inactive despite having kyal carbon two butinol like lactic acid or formula. This is the lactic acid remember CH3 valency different okay and lactic acid optically active right and this is the misotaric acid this one and this one of symmetry that's why optically inactive Done.

[00:25:45]Optically misotaric acid. The number of geometrical isomers possible for hex 2 in. Check in structure. 1 2 3 4 5 and 6. 1 two numbers and total which of the following pairs are functional isomers again this one alcohol ether done see now question number next question is differ in which of the following of course Okay.

[00:26:37]Okay.

[00:26:40]Okay. Which statement about is correct?

[00:26:45]They have different molecular formula.

[00:26:47]No structural formula all are same. Okay.

[00:26:50]They are non superimposable mirror images. Of course, right? They differ in carbon and skeleton. No, they always differ in functional group. No.

[00:27:04]Check question number. Next question is which state statement about geometric isomer is correct?

[00:27:13]Restricted rotation right around double bond is essential. Of course, we need restricted rotation. Okay. It occurs only in cyclic compounds. No cyclic compound only. No, it requires a carbon atom.

[00:27:34]Which compound will have maximum boiling point? Okay. Now maximum boiling Okay.

[00:28:06]Okay.

[00:28:19]Maxing.

[00:28:21]Which of the following is most likely to exhibit right?

[00:28:36]See which of the following compounds can exhibit optical isomeism due to corality.

[00:28:44]Check.

[00:28:52]This is known as okay.

[00:29:02]So you can leave this question but okay.

[00:29:08]Now which of the following compounds can show?

[00:29:12]Okay. again.

[00:29:18]Okay.

[00:29:29]Okay. Which of the following compounds exhibit both exhibit both and functional isomeism?

[00:29:49]alcohol.

[00:29:51]Yes, of course.

[00:29:55]This madame alcohol is not function alcohol if you know the basic you can say everything. So I hope you all understood for this isomers.

[00:30:26]Take care. Bye-bye. style.